Some three decades ago, James Tobin, the economist, first proposed introducing a tax on financial transactions to deter short-term currency speculation.
大约30年前，经济学家詹姆斯·托宾(James Tobin)率先提出对金融交易征税，以遏制短期货币投机。
That move was directly at odds with Toyota's long-held philosophy not to make long-term decisions on where to put factories, based on short-term currency-exchange rates, which can swing rapidly.
此举直接违背了丰田的长期理念，即不根据汇率的短期波动做出在哪里设厂的长期决策。
Article 3 the term "currency" as mentioned in these Measures refers to both Renminbi and foreign currency.
第三条本办法所称货币是指人民币和外币。
Article 3 the term "currency" as mentioned in these Measures refers to both Renminbi and foreign currency.
第三条本办法所称货币是指人民币和外币。
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