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This is Hobbes' answer to Machiavelli's famous call in chapter 25 to master fortuna, to master chance or luck, fortune.
这就是霍布斯对马基雅维利那句有名号召的答案,那个号召在第25章中，说的是要掌控命运，掌控机会，掌控运气，掌控时机。
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It seems formal and analytical in contrast to Machiavelli's combination of historical commentary and reflection drawn from personal experience.
它看起来更正式，分析得更透彻,这是与马基雅维利的,从个人经验出发,历史性的评论和反思相结合相比。
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The last dated event that is mentioned in 2 Kings is something that occurred in 562. That was when King Jehoiachin was released from prison in Babylon, in 562.
列王记》中最后一个有时间考证的事件是,发生在562年的事情，也就是,犹大王约雅斤在562年从巴比伦被释放。
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There entertain him all the Saints above, In solemn troops, and sweet Societies That sing, and singing in their glory move And wipe the tears forever from his eyes.
圣人们款待他，温文尔雅，亲切和蔼,他们歌唱，伴着壮丽的舞姿,将他的泪水永远的拭去。
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And as you're busy calculating all this, you're walking across Chapel Street and you get hit by a truck and you die.
然而就在你一边忙于计算这个数字，一边经过雅普街的时候,你可能会被一辆卡车撞死。
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The Boyars' counsel, that is the counsel of the nobles, literally met in the throne of the palace.
波雅尔议会 也就是贵族们的议会,实际上就在宫殿内举行
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He said, "I'll pray for him but if he can punch it'll help." In a small respect, that's Machiavelli.
神父说，我将为他祈祷，但是如果他能出拳猛击,那将会很有帮助，小面上说，这就是马基雅维利。
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And to some degree, he even seems to speak, he seems even more characteristically modern than Machiavelli.
在某种程度上，他说的，甚至比马基雅维利,更具有典型的现代性。
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His mother and her allies among the Boyars, that is the nobles, overthrew the regents in 1689.
他母亲及其波雅尔中的同僚,也就是当时的贵族,于1689年推翻了摄政王的统治
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For all of his tough talk, Hobbes takes justice and the rule of law very seriously, far more seriously than, for example, does Machiavelli.
在他那些强硬的措辞中可看出,霍布斯对正义和法律的态度，始终是极为严谨的，比马基雅维利的态度要严谨得多。
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And it is that conflict, as it were, between what we might call worldliness and innocence that is the core of Machiavelli's moral code.
可以说，正是那种冲突,那种我们可以称之为世俗理念与纯洁无知之间,的冲突，是马基雅维利道德准则的核心所在。
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These are just two incompatible moral positions that Machiavelli states but he goes further than this.
这是马基雅维利所言的两种不可调和的,对立道德立场，但是他并未就此善罢甘休。
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Machiavelli uses these two psychological and even in some ways quasi-medical terms, humors, to designate two classes of people on which every society is based.
马基雅维利运用这两个心理学上的,甚至某种程度上准医学的术语，人民特质，来界定两种不同阶级的人,每个社会都以此为基础。
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And Machiavelli's emphasis upon arms is considerably attenuated by Hobbes' emphasis on laws.
而马基雅维利对于武力的重视,则被霍布斯对法律的重视所淡化。
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Hobbes, in other words, carried out what Machiavelli had helped him make possible.
霍布斯，换句话说，实践了,马基雅维利帮助他理解的思想。
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In any case, whatever one makes of those examples, Machiavelli seems to be challenging important aspects of the classical conceptions that we've been talking about up to this point.
不管人们如何理解这些例子，马基雅维利似乎正在挑战,我们至此一直在讨论着的古典概念的,重要方面。
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He played the part of Doctor Watson to Machiavelli's Sherlock Holmes.
他扮演的是华生医生,而福尔摩斯则是马基雅维利。
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Maybe they are exaggerations and I think to some degree they are but it's revealing that both of these very serious readers of Machiavelli took him to be an apostle of freedom.
也许他们过于夸张了，而且我认为,某种程度上他们确实是，但具有启迪意义的是,这两个严肃的马基雅维利的读者,都把他看作自由的传道者。
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Boyars, are the Russian nobles and royal politics.
波雅尔是沙俄贵族和皇家政客
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They've clustered books Genesis through Esther,which tell of things past; the books of Job through the Song of Songs or the Song of Solomon contain wisdom that applies to the present;and then the prophetic books, Isaiah to Malachi, contain or tell of things future.
创世纪》从《以斯帖记》开始讲过去;,《约伯记》从雅歌也叫所罗门之歌开始,讲现世可以运用的智慧，然后是《先知书》,从《以塞亚记》到《玛拉基书》，讲述未来的事。
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Machiavelli wants to redirect power to some degree away from the nobles and toward the people.
马基雅维利想要在某种程度上,使权力由贵族往人民方向偏转。
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Hobbes, again, along with Machiavelli, was one of the great architects of the modern state.
霍布斯，再一次，同马基雅维利一样，是现代国家的伟大建构者。
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Machiavelli said in that famous chapter 25, that the prince, if he is lucky, will master fortuna about half the time, only about 50% of the time.
马基雅维利在有名的第25章里说，君主，如果他幸运的话，可以在一半的时间里掌握命运，仅仅是50%的时间。
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Machiavelli speaks of the prince, while Hobbes speaks of the sovereign, that is a kind of impersonal or in Hobbes' language, artificial power created out of a contract.
马基雅维利探讨君主，而霍布斯则探讨主权，这算是不受个人感情影响的，在霍布斯的说法里，君主的权力是由契约产生的。
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Hobbes was in many ways a perfect foil for Machiavelli.
霍布斯，从很多方面来说,他都是马基雅维利的完美配合。
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Religion had to bring a softening effect upon against the violent and bestial character of the early Romans. But for us today, Machiavelli writes, religion has to serve the opposite purpose.
宗教必须带来一种缓和效应，用以针对,早期罗马人的野蛮残忍的性格,但是对于今天的我们来说，马基雅维利写道，宗教不得不为相反的目的服务。
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You have to learn, in other words, how to get your hands dirty. Between the innocence of the Christian and the worldliness of Machiavelli's new morality, there can be no reconciliation.
换句话说，你必须学会如何弄污你的手,在基督教的纯洁观与,马基雅维利新道德中的世俗观之间,没有任何回旋的余地。
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But you might say, Hobbes goes further than Machiavelli.
但是霍布斯比马基雅维利想得远。
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And if you want to join the political game, you must be prepared to get your hands dirty, ? and what Machiavelli means by that, ? how he comes to this problem.
如果你想参与到政治游戏中去，你必须做好弄脏你的手的准备，马基雅维利这么说是什么意思，他是如何谈到这个问题的。
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Machiavelli, you might say, cleared the brush.
马基雅维利开创了先河。
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