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He anticipated this power much as his father, a reasonably well-to-do banker, might have anticipated long-term earnings from a particularly risky business venture.
他预测到他的力量，正如他的父亲，一个相当富有的银行家，能够预测到从一笔风险高的生意中,能获得多少长期利益一样。
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A commercial bank, like a goldsmith banker, accepts deposits--that's critical -and that means you can put money in the bank.
商业银行,就像是一个金匠银行家,接受存款,这一点非常关键,就是说你可以把你的钱放到银行里
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Milton was the son of a banker.
弥尔顿是一位银行家的儿子。
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You've got these warehouses along the canals and here's where the bankers-- the Dutch had the most, along with the English, had sophisticated banking system in the world.
你已经见过了这些运河旁的仓库了,这些银行家们,大部分来自于荷兰,同时也来自英国,他们拥有世界上最复杂的的银行系统
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You can't call up the banker and say that, but if you're playing golf it comes out perfectly naturally.
他们不可能打电话给银行家说这些的,但如果你们一起打球,就会顺口扯到了
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Bankers require a lot of prestige and status in their communities; so, this is happening all over the world.
在业内,银行家们需要很高的声誉和地位,所以,全世界都如此
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They're in a -the first thing to understand is that -I start out by telling you the story of the goldsmith banker.
它们...,首先要弄明白的是,在一开始我讲了金匠银行家的故事
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That's why we need independence of the central bank; we want to have a central banker that can say no to the government.
这就是为什么我们需要独立自主的,中央银行；,我们希望有一个可以对政府说不得,中央银行家。
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One of the stories that is often told is the goldsmith banker's story that goes back I don't know how many hundred years.
经常被人们提起的一个故事是,金匠银行家的故事,它可以追溯到,我不知道是几百年以前了
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That is--maybe this goes back to the -I didn't mention it, but it would apply to the old goldsmith banker story as well.
这也许又要回溯到...,我在前面没有提过,金匠银行家的故事同样适合解说这个问题
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I remember reading a--I like to browse among old books -I was reading a nineteenth century book about how to be a banker.
我比较喜欢翻翻旧书,我记得读过一本19世纪的老书,讲如何成为一名银行家
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This goes beyond the simple goldsmith banker story that I was motivating initially.
我在前面讲了一个金匠银行家的故事,现在就没那么简单了
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I want to first just go back the story I told you in a recent lecture was the story of a goldsmith banker.
我想先回顾一下,在最近的一个讲座中我告诉你们的,一个关于金匠银行家的故事。
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Bankers play golf a lot because business people like to play golf and you have to keep your finger on the pulse of the community.
银行家经常打高尔夫球,这是因为商企人士喜欢打高尔夫,而银行家需要时刻把握周边的经济脉搏
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The banker knows everybody in the community and when you're playing golf with the banker, it may go beyond just collecting information; the banker might have positive suggestions.
银行家认识圈里的所有人,当你在和他一起打高尔夫的时候,不仅仅能获取资讯,还可能会从银行家那获得建设性的建议
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It's exactly what you find out about when you're playing golf with the other bankers.
这正是在和其他银行家打高尔夫球时,你所能察觉出的情况
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Bank failures occur when there's not enough gold in the vault and then people start asking for the gold and the goldsmith banker doesn't have it to give out.
当金库没有足够的黄金时,银行就会倒闭,因为当人们开始索要黄金时,金匠银行家却拿不出来
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How can you get a central banker to do that?
你怎么样使一个中央银行家那样做呢？
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As a result, people invest in banks -the stock of banks -because they understand that these people have a long-term relationship with business and they are immune from the adverse selection.
结果呢,人们就会投资于银行,即购买银行的股票,因为他们知道,银行家和企业界保持着长期的关系,他们可以免受逆向选择之害
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You can't stick your bad paper to the banker who knows everybody in the town; he'll figure it out and that's the -and so that's the problem that's solved by bankers.
你休想把垃圾债权随便卖给银行家,因为他对这个圈子了如指掌,他定会识破的,因此银行家们就解决了逆向选择问题
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The companies get advice from the banker as well.
公司也同时会从银行家那得到建议
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A lot of these people in the Mexican banks thought, well surely there will be a bailout if something bad happens; the government will pay for it, so let's run with it.
这使大批墨西哥银行家认为,如果出现危机,政府必定会出资援助,所以我们放心干吧 政府会买单的
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They trust to the fact that the depositors won't all come on the same day, just like a goldsmith banker -he leaves only enough gold in the safe to cover the kind of withdrawals that are normally accepted.
他们是基于这样一种考量,即储户们不会在同一天上门来取钱,正如金匠银行家那样,他留存在保险箱中的黄金数量,刚好可以应付一般的提款要求
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I like to tell that story because it sounds obvious that if you were a goldsmith hundreds of years of ago you would have probably become a banker -it would just be the natural thing to do.
我喜欢讲这个故事,因为这里面的道理很简单,如果你是几百年前的一名金匠,你很可能就会变成一个银行家,这是自然而然的事
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