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Now we talked before about a diet that would follow the glycemic index, that's another pretty helpful method to follow.
我们之前还谈论过,基于血糖指数的饮食法,那是另一种健康饮食法之一
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If one follows a diet that would be derived from the glycemic index; you're likely to have a pretty healthy diet.
如果一个人遵循基于血糖指数的饮食计划,你会得到一个相当健康的饮食
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When it does your pancreas receives a signal that your blood glucose has started to go up, and it will secrete insulin.
这时你的胰腺会收到信号,你的血糖水平开始升高了,它就会分泌胰岛素
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Here's a pyramid that was established from the glycemic index, so this would be a little bit different version of the pyramid.
这个金字塔是基于血糖指数建立的,这个版本的食物金字塔有些许不同
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One is the Mediterranean Diet, another would be the glycemic index diet, and there are yet others.
地中海式饮食法是其中之一,血糖指数法也可以,以及很多其它方法
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So, there are cells in your pancreas which recognize glucose levels and they secrete insulin in response.
你的胰腺细胞能够,识别血糖水平,并分泌胰岛素作为反馈
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Another hormone gets produced by the pancreas in response to low glucose levels, it's called glucagon.
胰腺产生另外一类激素,来应对血糖水平降低的情况,它叫做胰高血糖素
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Here you see the main concern is what's happening with blood sugar when people eat food.
它主要关注的问题是进食引起的血糖变化
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In some foods, those with a high glycemic index create a spike in blood sugar.
在一些食物中,一些血糖指数高的食物,会形成一个血糖峰值
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Diabetics whose pancreas does not function properly, so don't make enough insulin, don't have enough insulin present for normal glucose metabolism so they can't handle sugars properly.
糖尿病人的胰脏功能失调,因此胰岛素分泌不足,影响了正常的血糖代谢,所以他们不能正常地调节血糖
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Does this mean that the glycemic index is the healthiest -following this sort of a plan that would come from this -is that the healthiest way to eat?
这是否意味着血糖指数是最健康的指标,遵循基于此的饮食规划,是否就是最健康的饮食呢
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Insulin is important for regulating levels of sugar in your blood.
胰岛素的重要之处在于,它能够维持身体内血糖水平
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Hopefully it's not a Snicker's bar but let's assume it is a Snicker's bar and your blood glucose is going to rise because you're taking a lot of sugar in.
但愿不是士力架,但假设你们吃了士力架,你们的血糖水平会升高,因为你们摄入了许多糖分
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Blood sugar goes up more then it does with foods that are low glycemic index foods, and this affects how hungry people are and potentially their health as well.
这个血糖峰值会远远高于那些,血糖指数低的食物所形成的峰值,这个会影响人的饥饿程度,并会不经意地影响人的健康
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Well, how does glucose uptake get enhanced in those cells?
那么这些细胞是如何增强血糖摄取能力的
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The idea here is that when foods get ingested in the body, they create different responses from each other depending on how they affect insulin and blood sugar, blood sugar especially.
这个观点是,当食物被身体吸收时,它们产生各自不同反应取决于,它们如何影响胰岛素和血糖,特别是血糖
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How many of you have heard of the glycemic index?
有多少人听说过血糖指数
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The glycemic affect is the extent to which this blood sugar effect occurs when people consume certain foods and then the glycemic index is just a number that gets attached to that.
血糖效应从某种程度上讲,是在人们进食,某些食物时出现的血糖波动,血糖指数则仅仅是这一效应的量化体现
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But if one's concerned about risk for Diabetes, which many people are, or have a family history of that, this glycemic index approach is not a bad one to pay attention to.
但是对于那些在意糖尿病患病风险,或者有糖尿病家族病史的人来说,这个血糖指数方案是值得关注的
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Avoiding foods that are high in sugar is a good idea to begin with, but then paying attention to the glycemic index research would suggest is a very good idea as well.
从远离高糖食物着手是个主意,留意血糖指数研究也是一个不错的想法
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It has many of the opposite effects that insulin has, so not only does insulin go down and stop these behaviors but a new hormone called glucagon gets produced which reinforces that change.
它产生的很多效应都与胰岛素相反,所以不仅是胰岛素的减少,导致血糖水平停止下降,胰高血糖素这种新激素的产生,也会强化该效应
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So, that brings your glucose level down.
这就导致了血糖水平的降低
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There is a researcher at The Harvard Medical School named David Ludwig who's done a terrific series of studies on the glycemic index and found how it relates to food intake, body weight regulation, and health.
在哈佛医学院有一个研究员,名叫大卫·路德维格,他在血糖指数方面,做了一系列出色的研究,并发现了血糖指数与食物摄取,体重控制以及健康之间的关系
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What if you could take just a pump that's capable of continuously administering insulin at various rates and connect it to a sensor that's able to continuously measure the sugar level in your blood?
如果我们安装一个泵,能够持续的动态控制胰岛素输出,并把这个泵连接到一个,持续监测体内血糖水平的变化的传感器上
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Sometime after you've eaten, say you had this Snickers bar at lunchtime and you don't have time to get anything else to eat during the day, your blood glucose level will go down.
有时候你们吃完饭以后,午饭的时候你吃了士力架,在这一天当中你又没时间吃别的东西,你的血糖水平就会下降
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If you go to the web just type in glycemic index, you can pull up chart after chart of high and low glycemic index foods, and sometimes you get surprised by what those foods are.
如果你在网上输入血糖指数,你会得到一个又一个,关于食物血糖指数高低的图表,有时你会被列表中的那些食物吓一跳
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The peak occurs a little bit later and then there's a less rapid decline here, and then blood sugar actually ends up a little above this initial level, and therefore you're less likely to eat because you're less hungry.
峰值出现得比较晚,下降也较为缓慢,最后血糖结束在比起始值稍高的位置,因此人就没有那么想进食 因为不感觉饿
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Now the two things to notice about this are the high spike that you have out here which occurs very rapidly and then the rapid decline in blood sugar, and insulin is involved in this whole reaction.
有两个需要注意的事情是,你们在这看到的急剧变化的曲线代表着,迅速上升和迅速下降的血糖,另外胰岛素也随之发生变化
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Now when you want to maintain good health, high peaks, high spikes in blood glucose and the insulin response that provokes is not a very good thing, and so the red line is a far healthier way to be than the yellow line is.
如果你想保持健康,血糖和胰岛素都出现高峰值,这对健康来说可不是好事,红线要比黄线更健康
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And so it's thought and the research suggests this to be the case, that during this period of time here when the blood sugar is declining very rapidly and then when it goes down to below its initial level here -- you see that--that people are especially hungry and want to eat more.
这个例子被认为,同时研究也证明了,在这段时间,当血糖迅速降低时,以及当血糖降低到比它的初值还低时,大家能看到人会特别饿和想多吃东西
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