Neurons have these projections because one important property, or one important function of neurons, is to communicate with each other.

这些突起,源于神经细胞,一项重要的性质,或者说一项重要的功能,那就是实现信息的交流

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You could distinguish between some properties of these processes that extend out, in that most of them are what are called dendrites.

你可以分辨出细胞体,所向外伸展的突起之间的,某些不同性质,大部分突起都属于树突

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It's got a big lobe and a little lobe.

它有一个大的突起和一个小的突起。

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But they'd all have some of these same features, that is a cell body with many processes that meet in the cell body.

但它们都有一些相同特征,那就是它们都拥有一个,汇集了许多突起的细胞体

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Then around this cell body there's an elaborate set of processes which extend out from the cell body and they go in various directions.

环绕在细胞周围的是,是从细胞体延伸出的一束束精细的突起,它们向各个方向延伸

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In the brain, action potentials are moving down processes, down a single cell process for example.

在大脑中 动作电位沿突起传递,比如说沿着一条单独的细胞突起吧

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That can be important because in some cases these processes are very long.

这是至关重要的,因为有时候突起非常长

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So, these cells can be many, many feet long, these processes can.

所以这些神经突起可以长达几英尺

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One of these processes, a special one is called the axon.

而突起中还有一个称为轴突的特殊突起

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Well, the mechanism that the cell uses to transmit information along itself, along this process which goes from my brain to my fingers, for example, is through an electrical signal called an action potential.

神经细胞沿突起,将信息从我的大脑传递到,手指的机制是,举例来说,是通过一种称为动作电位的电信号的作用

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There are processes that go from my nervous system, from my brain and spinal cord out to the tips of my fingers that allow me to move muscles there, or down to your toes.

神经系统中的有些突起可以,从大脑和脊髓一直延伸到,手指指端,以使我这里的肌肉能够运动,神经甚至会一直延伸到你的脚趾

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The way that they communicate with each other is by physically touching each other, and the way that they connect across distances is by having these process that extend from one place to another.

它们通过物理接触,来交换信息,神经之所以能跨距离传递信息,就是靠细胞间互相延伸的突起

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Maybe by the different branching patterns that these processes had, or how many processes were on a different kind of neuron, you'd be able to tell something about its function and probably something about where it came from.

通过辨识分化过程中的,不同突起的分支模式,或是不同神经元各异的突起数目,也许你也能分辨出这一细胞的功能,或许还有它的由来

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