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These implicitly make a claim to the generality--at the national scale, or in the racial sense-- the representativeness of this life.
而不是一个特定的人,这暗含了一种普遍性，在民族范围内或者在种族意义上来看-,来表现这种生活。
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But the second is a desire to attract and maintain the divine presence, the continued presence of God in the sanctuary.
第二个是一种欲望，想要吸引和保持，上帝长久存在于圣所内的欲望。
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This is a signal - this passing of phosphorous - is a signal that's used very frequently in intracellular communication.
这是一种信号,一种通过磷酸来传递的信号,这种信号在细胞内通讯时经常被用到
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A perpetuity is an asset or a contract that pays a fixed amount of money each time period, forever.
永续年金是一种财产或者合同,规定在每一时间段内,支付一定数量的货币,直至永远
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So we're to assume we can get to any piece of data, any instruction in constant time, and the second assumption we're going to make is that the basic primitive steps take constant time, same amount of time to compute. Again, not completely true, but it's a good model, so arithmetic operations, comparisons, things of that sort, we're all going to assume are basically in that in that particular model.
因此如果我们假设在恒定的时间内,我们可以取得任何一块数据,任何一种数据结构的话,我们要做的第二个假设就是,基本的原始操作计算花费的时间是恒定的,这个假设也不是完全正确的，但这个模型其实挺不错的，因此算法操作，比较，这一类的事情，我们在这个特定的模型中都假设是基本的,操作，花费的时间是恒定相同的。
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They're red because they contain a special protein called hemoglobin which is very concentrated inside the cell.
红细胞的红色源于,其内部一种叫做血红蛋白的特殊蛋白质,血红蛋白在细胞内的浓度很高
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That cutting is done by special proteins called restriction enzymes.
切割是由一种特别的蛋白质完成的,称为限制性内切酶
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So, these are receptors, for example, that bind the ligand and then liberate an enzyme which promotes some sort of reaction inside the cell, often it's kinases but doesn't have to be.
例如,这里是受体,与配体相结合,激活一种酶,这种酶能够催化细胞内的某些反应,这些酶通常都是激酶,但不全是
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We're going to talk a lot about antibodies over the next week or so, but antibodies are specialized proteins that, as you know, are designed to bind to antigens or foreign molecules inside the body.
我们将会在接下来的几周,讲许多关于抗体的内容,抗体是一种特殊蛋白质,众所周知,抗体用于结合身体内的抗原和外源分子
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Once an invention is seen to work it is rapidly copied around the world.
而当一种创新品运行顺畅的时候,就会在世界范围内被模仿
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One way that you could switch this on and off inside the cell is by taking off this phosphorous, proteins enzymes that do this opposite reaction, the opposite to kinases are called phosphokinases.
一种方法是通过去除磷酸基团,来改变细胞内蛋白的状态,催化添加磷酸基团,此逆反应的蛋白酶,能够催化逆反应的激酶叫做磷酸激酶
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That there are two colors per strut, so what's linking the two backbones together are two colored segments that come from the outside towards the middle, and that the colors occur only in certain combinations, red and green, yellow and blue, that's all you see.
每个梯阶有两个颜色,主链是由,两种不同颜色的片段由外向内连接起来的,这些颜色仅以某种特定方式配对,红连接绿,黄连接蓝,大家都能看到
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It was found in strain R, a particular strain of E.coli, and it was the first one found, There's a nomenclature that's evolved for this.
酶被发现于R菌株,大肠杆菌中一种特别的菌株,又是被发现的第一种内切酶,有一种专门为此制定的命名法
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In this same way, this process of transcription which is occurring in cells throughout body all the time is made possible by a protein called RNA polymerase.
NA的合成也很类似,身体内每个细胞内,转录过程的进行都是在一种称作,RNA聚合酶的蛋白质催化下进行的
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If I cut both the plasmid and my DNA of interest with the same restriction enzyme I'm going to end up with the same sticky ends on both molecules.
如果用同一种限制性内切酶,来切割质粒和我感兴趣的DNA,在两个分子上就能得到同样的粘性末端
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Restriction enzymes are just a kind of enzyme, enzymes are protein molecules that make a chemical reaction go faster, and the chemical reaction that restriction enzymes do is cutting DNA.
限制性内切酶是一种酶,而酶是加速化学反应的蛋白质分子,限制性内切酶加速的化学反应,是切割DNA
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This gives you a biological mechanism for cutting, using restriction enzymes, and then you denature so that it falls apart, and then you renature so that it comes back together.
这是一种切割DNA的生物机制,用限制性内切酶,改变DNA的性质让它打开,然后让它合起来恢复它的性质
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Well, the way that your immune system recognizes it is that all the cells of our body express a molecule on their surface, a membrane protein called the MHC1 complex.
而免疫系统识别的方法是,身体内所有细胞在其表面表达一种分子,一种叫做MHC1复合体的膜蛋白
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When a certain enzyme is activated inside cells, ATP gets converted into a molecule called cyclic AMP, and cyclic AMP is an example of one of these molecules called second messengers.
细胞内的某种酶被激活后,ATP就能转化为一种叫cAMP的分子,cAMP是一种第二信使分子的范例
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Well the first step would be to cut open the plasmid with a particular restriction enzyme, and then what if I take that same restriction enzyme and I cut up the DNA that I'm interested in.
第一步是用某种限制性内切酶把质粒切开,然后用同一种限制性内切酶,切出我想要的DNA
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