One more issue is, you have another decision when you run up to hit this, hit the penalty other than just left and right.

另一个问题是,在你主罚点球的时候,除了左路右路外还有别的需要考虑吗

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Now, it turns out that about a third of the game between my team Portsmouth and Kaj's team Liverpool, this weekend there was a penalty.

这周末在我支持的朴茨茅斯对战,卡茄支持的利物浦的比赛进行1/3时,裁判判罚了一个点球

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

At the end of the day, the goalie doesn't know the decision of the shooter and the shooter doesn't know the decision of the goalie.

直到比赛结束之前,门将都不会知道你会从哪路罚点球,罚球队员也不知道门将会扑向哪路

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

And, as announced last time, the most important game is the penalty kick game.

正如我上次所说的,它就是罚点球

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

So this weekend a penalty was missed exactly by somebody ignoring this rule.

这周末的点球未射进,绝对是因为罚球球员不懂这个规律

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Someone whose played the game, what's the other decision you really face?

有人要主罚点球了,他还要考虑什么别的因素吗

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

There's one guy who's going to run up and kick the ball.

有一名队员,会准备起跑并主罚这个点球

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Speed, right. So another decision you face is do you just try and kick this ball as hard as you can or do you try and place it?

球速是正解,你还需要考虑,当你主罚点球时你是大力抽射,还是小力轻擦

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

All right, so players are making decisions as they're running up.

没错,球员在罚点球之前没有主意

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

In England's case, England goes out of every single World Cup and every single European competition because it loses on penalty kicks, usually to Germany, it has to be said.

拿英格兰做例子吧,英格兰每次在世界杯或者欧洲杯中出局,都因为栽到了点球上,尤其是对阵德国的时候

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So what we're going to do is we're going to look at some numbers that are approximately the probabilities of scoring when you kick the penalty kick in different directions.

接下来,我们来用数字表示,在不同角度踢点球射门,能够得分的概率

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Portsmouth had a penalty and the guy who was going to take the penalty came up to kick the penalty and he kicked it to the middle and it was saved.

朴茨茅斯获得一个点球,主罚点球的球员站在球门前,一脚把球射向中路,门将扑救成功

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So just confirming these actions, not only did that spoil my weekend but it also spoiled my opportunity to make fun of Kaj all week, so it was really a big deal.

这个点球,不仅毁了我的大好周末,还让我错失了调侃卡茄的机会,真是亏大了

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And, about a third of a way through that game there was a penalty, So keep at the back of your mind that the real world example that matters here is Portsmouth versus Liverpool this weekend.

大约在比赛进行了三分之一的时候,裁判判罚了一个点球,请大家注意一下,上周发生的事与这一讲有关的是,朴茨茅斯队对利物浦队的比赛

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You guys are playing for America and you're taking this penalty kick and it's the last kick in the World Cup, how many of you, show of hands, how many of you would shoot to the left?

如果你们为美国队效力,现在由你们来主罚点球,而且那是世界杯上一个制胜球,请你们举手,有多少人选择从左路射门

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So this is a game that occurs in soccer and just to give an idea of how important it is for those people who are unfortunate enough not to be soccer fans here, the last World Cup was decided on penalty kicks.

所以这是一个有关足球的博弈,我先告诉在座的不是球迷的同学,为什么说这个很重要,因为上届世界杯冠军就是点球决定的

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选