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What was neat about it is before that time, the predominant species to use for air conditioning or refrigeration was ammonia.
在这之前是很整洁的，之前最主要的用于空调或者冰箱的,物质是氨。
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So I was reading Media, and I have to write an essay about it. So that's what I was doing.
我在读与媒介有关的内容，需要写一篇有关的论文。那是我之前在做的。
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Milton surveys the wealth of literary tradition before him, and he resists its allure without the help of any human guide.
弥尔顿在他之前就调查过文学传统的宝藏，他在没有人帮助的情况下抗拒了这一诱惑。
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So a bit of uninteresting math, a bit of focus on sizes of types, but any questions on syntax or concepts thus far before we now put this to the test?
一些比较无趣的数字，一些关于类型的大小,在我们现在进行试验之前,你们对这其中的语法或概念有什么问题吗？
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And one of them is right above on that page, and I read it a little earlier: "thinking nothing and sweating."
其中一部分就在那页的上端，之前我才读过：,“脑子里一片空白,汗流个不停“
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The relationship between the beginning and the end that I have been intimating, in other words, is a relation of death.
我之前一直在提示的,开始和结束的关系，还句话说，是死亡的关系。
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When you're serious, any way to win will do, but mostly you could make a virtue of a necessity.
一旦你较真,你会为了胜利不择手段,但通常你会在之前进行道德的考虑
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Moving a stack of size 3, again, if I want to go over there, I need to make sure I can put the spare one over here before I move the bottom one, I can't cover up any of the smaller ones with the larger one, but I can get it there.
移动上面的三个圆盘的话，我在移动最底下的圆盘之前，同样要确保剩下的,是在另外一个柱子上，因为我不能把大的圆盘,放在小的上面。
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We talked about the inevitability of death; we talked about the variability, that people have different lengths of time before they die.
我们讨论过了死亡的不可避免性;,我们讨论过了其可变性，不同的人在他们死之前有所的时间长度不同。
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The mathematical theory of probability was unknown until that time and you can see that insurance suddenly made an appearance at that time.
在那之前,概率的数学理论,是不存在的,而随着概率论的出现,保险业也突然出现了
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I taught at Cornell before Yale, and my assistant was a woman named Bonnie at Cornell.
在耶鲁工作之前,我在康奈尔授课,那时我的助手是一个叫邦妮的女士
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Welles heard that obviously, and he quickly came back. But when she died, he stopped taking lessons, before that, he was adept before he was ten years old.
威尔斯当然听到了，所以他,很快回来了，但在,他母亲去世之后，他就不再上课了，在这之前，在他十岁的时候他就对乐器很熟练了。
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- So what we're seeing is this is notes from 1902 -- he actually didn't publish any of this work or these ideas that led to Lewis structures until 1916, but his early class notes were used as evidence about how long ago he actually came up with the idea of it.
我们看到的这是，1902，年的讲义-,实际上他直到1916年才发表这些工作或者想法,后来发展成为了路易斯结构，但他早年上课的讲义却成为了他在多久之前,就产生了这个想法的证据。
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Well, the claim that language is part of human nature is supported by neurological studies, some of which were referred to in the chapters on the brain that you read earlier that talk about dedicated parts of the brain that work for language.
语言是人类本性的一部分的这个观点,得到了神经研究的支持,在之前大家阅读的关于大脑的章节中,对专门负责语言功能脑区的探讨,就描述了其中的一些研究
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I'm generally pretty impressed by what the, what my classmates have gotten up to before they came to school here.
我的同学在入学之前已经完成的事情让我印象深刻。
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Prior to joining the chaplaincy program, I did a lot of activism work in specific Islamic institutions served board of directors, chairs, and presidencies.
在参加这个教士培养的项目之前，我在一些伊斯兰教的组织做过工作,在董事会，主席等手下任职。
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So you should drop the homework before you come into class, rather than furiously work on it during class, and the solutions will be posted the same afternoon.
所以你应该在进教室之前交作业,而不是在上课的时候乱写一通,作业答案会在当天下午发布到网上
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We forget about the enormous trading vitality of Asia, even sea vitality and land vitality at the same time, but they are without any question by this point-- with the decline of the Spanish empire, which begins before this course-- the Dutch and the English.
我们先不考虑亚洲大量的贸易活动,包括同时的陆上和海上贸易,在十七世纪之前,随着西班牙帝国的衰退,欧洲最大的贸易实体,毫无疑问是荷兰和英国
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I have no idea what's here at the moment so I'm just going to draw a question mark because that memory might have been used previously for some other purpose, but we know it's currently available to us so we have four bytes of memory.
我不知道在此刻这里是什么,所以我画一个问号，因为那块内存可能在之前,为其它的目的而使用过，但是我们知道它可以为我们所使用,这样我们就有4个字节的内存。
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We have to assume that the Lady is resisting Comus' advances because she has before her the higher ideal of married chastity.
我们要假设女士在抵制科玛斯的先进发展,因为在她之前就有了有关婚姻贞节的更崇高的理想。
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There's every indication that Milton believed, as I had mentioned before, at an unconscionably early age, that poetry was his vocation.
就像我之前说过的，有很多的迹象表明，弥尔顿在很早之前就相信诗人就是他的天职。
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A kind of a pin used to hold your cloak together, called a fibula, unknown in the previous period.
一种别住披风的别针,称之为扣针,这在之前的时期从未出现过
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This is a distinction which is not meant sort of counter-intuitively to suggest that somehow or another, as opposed to what we usually think, writing precedes speech--not at all.
这个区别没有在某种程度上故意地，与我们的直觉相反,暗示，无论如何，与我们通常想的相反,我们通常认为书写是在讲话之前的，完全不是这样。
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I should have read it a lecture or two ago when I started talking about immortality, but I misplaced it.
我应该在一两节课之前读它,即在我开始谈论永生的时候，但是我当时把它放错地方了。
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All right. So before we start in with today's notes, I do want to mention that this morning the Nobel Prize in chemistry was announced.
好的，在开始今天的课之前，我要说一下今天早上,公布了诺贝尔化学奖。
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And that does two things: bug one, it helps catch bugs in your code, and secondly it often converts it into a more efficient sequence of instructions before you actually go off and run it. All right?
这有两点好处：,第一是可以帮助你发现程序中的，第二是把你的代码,在运行之前,转换为更有效率的指令的集合，对不对？
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Alright, so maybe a little underwhelming and we saw already what this program is going to do but let's just go through this process once before we start doing more interesting things and then we'll come back and at least give you a hint of what some of these syntactic details are doing.
好吧，这个程序也许太平庸了，让人印象不够深刻,我们也知道这个程序是干嘛的,在我们开始更有意思的事情之前,让我们再来讨论一下整个过程后再回来,这些语法细节到底是在做什么呢？,先给你们一点小小的提示。
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The answer is generally not because if you buy the stock before it goes ex-dividend, you get--you have to pay a higher price, but you get the dividend.
答案一般来说是不用,如果你买了股票,是在除息之前买的,你的买入价高,但能分到红
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When I'm talking about language I'm meaning systems like English and Dutch and Warlpiri and Italian and Turkish and Urdu and what we've seen and heard right now in class in the demonstration that preceded the formal lecture.
当我谈到语言时,我指的是诸如英语,荷兰语,沃皮利语,意大利语,土耳其语,乌尔都语这样的语言系统,以及我们在正式上课之前的课堂演示中,所看到和听到的语言系统
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Or it can the kind of change we talked about before, where during division there are some chemicals that are trapped in one cell and not in the other, and that could lead to a difference we already talked about.
可能是我们之前说过的,在分裂过程中可能发生的,不对称分裂的现象,并导致我们已经讲过的某些不同
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