When an action potential is initiated these ion channels go from their closed state to their open state, when they open sodium can now pass through.

当动作电位形成时,离子通道,从关闭状态转到打开状态,当通道打开时,钠离子就可以通过

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Now, remember we talked about these last time, voltage-gated channels are channels that would allow the passage of sodium, in this case, but they can exist in two states, a closed state and an open state.

还记得我们上节课讨论过的吧,电压门控通道是,一种可以容许钠离子通过的通道,在这一例子中 电压门控通道有两种状态,关闭状态和开放状态

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Some proteins can be switched from an 'off' position where they don't do anything to an 'on' position where they now do something by only a chemical reaction like this where a phosphorous is added.

一些蛋白质可以从关闭状态的,无所作为,到成为开启状态后,执行某种功能,中间只发生了一个引入磷酸基的化学反应

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选