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We continue to ask the same questions that were asked by Plato Machiavelli Hobbes and others.
我们持续提出相同的问题,就像柏拉图，马奇亚维利，贺伯斯,及其它人当时提出时一样。
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I live in Bloomsbury which is just sort of over that way
我住在布鲁姆斯伯里，就在那条路上，
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Hobbes was the tutor to a royal household who followed the King into exile during the English Civil War.
贺伯斯是一位皇室家庭的家教老师,该户人家于英国内战时,随着英皇流亡；
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We have an image here of the reconstituted, repaired body of Orpheus whose gory, severed head had been sent down the swift Hebrus to the Lesbian shore. It's as if Milton can't let go of this most un-Christian attachment to the human body.
想到一个完整的被修复好了的俄耳甫斯的身体,他血淋淋的被割下来的头颅曾,被赫伯鲁河一路冲下去直到莱斯博斯岛，似乎弥尔顿放不开,这对人体的眷恋，而这与基督教教义正相反。
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They've clustered books Genesis through Esther,which tell of things past; the books of Job through the Song of Songs or the Song of Solomon contain wisdom that applies to the present;and then the prophetic books, Isaiah to Malachi, contain or tell of things future.
创世纪》从《以斯帖记》开始讲过去;,《约伯记》从雅歌也叫所罗门之歌开始,讲现世可以运用的智慧，然后是《先知书》,从《以塞亚记》到《玛拉基书》，讲述未来的事。
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One of the best descriptions I've ever read of why slavery persisted, of why people defended it, and why people went to war for it, came before the war, in 1857, in a speech by the African-American woman, novelist, writer, poet Frances Ellen Watkins Harper.
我曾读到的一段比较精彩的论述,关于为什么奴隶制度留存了下来,为什么人们为其辩护,为其而战,在1857年,战争前夕,在一个非裔美国女人的演讲中,她是小说家兼作家兼诗人,弗朗斯·伊莲·瓦特金·哈伯
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It, too, is published in London, this time on Bloomsbury Street.
它也是在伦敦发表的，同一时间在布卢姆斯伯里街。
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So today and Monday we're going to talk about two very big ideas and these ideas are associated with Sigmund Freud and B. F. Skinner and are psychoanalysis and behaviorism.
所以在今天和星期一,我们将学习两大心理理论,其代表人物分别是,西格蒙特·弗洛伊德和,伯尔赫斯·弗雷德里克·斯金纳,这两个理论便是精神分析理论,和行为主义理论。
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A man, who we will read later this semester, named Thomas Hobbes, was one who led the pack, led the charge.
我们在学期稍后，就会读到的一位名叫贺伯斯的人，他领众将猛攻。
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Hobbes wrote, "I am at the point of believing that my labors will be " as useless as the commonwealth of Plato."
贺伯斯写到，“我在此要相信,我的努力将如同,柏拉图的国家一样不具实用“
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Thrasymachus Remember Thrasymachus when we get to Hobbes.
记得在我们读到贺伯斯时回忆一下。
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What can Aristotle or Hobbes tells us about the world of globalization of terrorism of ethnic conflict and the like?
亚里士多德或贺伯斯又能告诉我们什么,诸如世界所面对的全球化，恐怖主义,种族冲突等议题？
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I would also add the names of Pericles Lincoln and Churchill.
我还要加一些名字,像是伯里克利斯，林肯，丘吉尔。
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And when we get later in this semester to Thomas Hobbes, Thrasymachus remember Thrasymachus.
我们在本学期稍后,读到贺伯斯时，记得回忆一下。
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For Hobbes, Aristotle taught the dangerous doctrine of republican government that was seen to be practiced particularly during the Cromwellian Period in England, during the civil war.
对贺伯斯而言，亚里士多德教授,共和政府的危险教义,而那被视为,是英国克伦威尔时期所盛行，当时仍在英国内战时期。
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Political philosophy is the oldest of the social sciences and it can boast a wealth of heavy hitters from Plato and Aristotle to Machiavelli Hobbes Hegel Tocqueville Nietzsche and so on.
政治哲学是社会科学中,最古老的学科,且会触及大量重棒人物,从柏拉图，亚里士多德到马奇亚维利，贺伯斯,及黑格尔，托克维尔，尼采等人。
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This is a problem that we will see considerably later in the term that vexes a very important political thinker by the name of Hobbes about whether an individual can somehow put their own sense of conscience or moral integrity even above the law.
这是个我们,稍后会仔细探讨的问题,也是让这位重要政治思想家,贺伯斯大力争论的问题,他质疑个人,是否可以将其自身的道义感,或道德正直置于法律之上。
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Consider one thinker, and I will, I'm going to read you a short passage and I'm going to come back to this again later in the semester, from Thomas Hobbes' Leviathan, chapter 31 of Leviathan, where Hobbes gives us a very personal statement about his intention in writing this book.
细想以下这一位思想家，我将朗读一小段文章,然后在学期后段,再回到这个主题来，这是取自贺伯斯的《利维坦》,第，31，章，贺伯斯提供了十分贴切的陈述,关于他撰写本书的动机。
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In the forty-sixth chapter of Leviathan, a chapter we will read later, Hobbes wrote, "I believe that scarce anything can be more repugnant to government than much of what Aristotle has said in his Politics, " nor more ignorantly than a great part of his Ethics."
在《利维坦》第，46，章，我们稍后就会读到的一章，贺伯斯写到：，“我就不信有任何,更令人反感的政府可以比得上,那个亚里士多德在其《政治学》中所描述，还有一大部份的《伦理学》更是无知至极“
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Aristotle's doctrine that man is a political animal, Hobbes believed, could only result and did result, in fact, in regicide, the murder of kings.
亚里士多德关于人类是政治动物的教义，贺伯斯深信，仅能导致且确实导致，弒君行为，谋杀国王。
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This is what Pericles boasts to his listeners in the famous funeral oration told by Thucydides.
这是伯里克利斯在那场著名葬礼中,向其听众夸耀的悼词，由修西地底斯记录下来。
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It had established Athens as a mighty and redoubtable naval power and it created an unprecedented level of artistic and cultural life even today known simply as Periclean Athens.
建立了雅典强大且令人敬畏的海军强权,而且催生了史无前例的,璀璨艺术与文化生活,甚至今日仍以伯里克利斯的雅典闻名。
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But Hobbes saw Aristotle quite differently.
但贺伯斯眼中的亚里士多德却很不同。
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We throw our city open to the world and never exclude foreigners from any opportunity of learning and observing even though the eyes of an enemy may profit from our liberality " Pericles boasts once again.
我们的城邦向世界敞开大门,且从不排除让外国人,向我们学习及观摩的机会,就算敌人可能因此,从我们的慷慨中受益“，伯里克利斯再次自夸。
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