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So if Pepsi is the low price drink in the market then no Coke is sold at all.
如果在市场上百事可乐的价格较低,可口可乐就卖不出去
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Then they should be pricing whatever they're selling at a lower price
那么他们应该把所卖的物品价格定得低一点
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That if people thought that the stock was underpriced well people would buy more of it in the price would have risen already.
如果人们认为股票的价格较低,人们就会买进股票,价格就会增高。
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The incentive for cheaper services are very strong, and in that sense, of course people will get hurt and there will be objections.
想要获取更低的价格,购买服务非常正常，因而自然会有人遭受打击,会有人反对外包。
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Buying them tends to push up the price; that tends to influence the yield down so it encourages a lower level of interest rate.
买进它们，导致价格上升；,导致参数降低,所以它鼓励一个低的利率水平。
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You're able to get bigger and bigger displays at cheaper and cheaper prices.
你能够以越来越低的价格,买到越来越大的显示屏了。
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They would be lower than the monopoly prices, but higher than the perfect competitive prices.
它们比垄断下的价格低,但比完全竞争下的价格高
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The CDC can buy this from the manufacturer for a lower price, and when you hear about government organizations distributing vaccines to different parts of the world, they're buying at a reduced rate but it's still not inexpensive.
疾控中心可以从工厂拿到较低价格的疫苗,当你听到,政府组织向世界各地,分发派送疫苗时,他们确实给的是折扣价,但却并不那么廉价
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And the telephone companies in the United State, generally about 200 billion dollars a year carrying long distance telephone conversations and they thought this conversations might be carried for free over the internet was quite shocking to them. Of course free is very low price, and they are not like it to be free.
美国的各电话公司，一般大约有每年2千亿美元,来自长途电话会话，他们认为,这些会话有可能通过互联网免费传输,对他们来说是相当震惊的，当然了,免费是很低的价格了，他们不希望它免费。
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If Pepsi is the low price then Coke sells nothing.
如果百事的价格低则可口可乐就卖不出去
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As small an amount below his price as you can do.
尽量把价格定的只比他低一点
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All right, so if the other guy is pricing above costs, I want to set prices below his so that I steal the whole of the market and make profits on those sales.
正确,如果对手定价比成本高,我就想定价比他的价格低,这样我就可以占领整个市场,并获得销售利润
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And I'll say this and then write it more carefully, where P is the lower of the two prices.
我先讲,待会再写下来,P是两个公司价格中较低的那个
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So total quantity demand is 1 -P where P is the lower of the two prices.
总需求量是1-P,而P是两个公司的价格中较低那个
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If a company--if its stock sells for less than its assets are worth then the company maybe should be broken up and the assets taken and given somewhere else because the low stock price indicates a problem.
如果一家公司---如果它的股票卖的,比它的资产价值低,那么这家公司也许就应该破产，并且,它的资产就应该被占用或分配到其他地方,因为低的股票价格预示着一个危机。
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So if Pepsi is dumb enough to price above monopoly, sure I will undercut Pepsi but I won't undercut Pepsi by a penny, I'll undercut Pepsi all the way down to the monopoly price and make monopoly profits.
如果百事笨到把价格设的高于垄断价格,我当然要定价比百事低,但不是低一点,我要把价格设得比百事低直至垄断价格,并获取垄断收益
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So basically what I'm going to do here is I'm going to set my price to equal his price, minus a little bit, I'll just undercut him a little bit and by just undercutting him a little bit, I'm going to get the whole of the market and I'll make as much money as I can on those sales.
所以基本上我要做的是,设定我的价格等于他的价格,减去一点点,我的价格将仅仅比他的低一点点,并且通过比他的价格低一点点,我将占领整个市场,那些销售带给我尽可能多的钱
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If I consume Bud Light, then I have to pay for the Bud Light, I think it typically costs less, the price, the raw price is less than Guinness but I also pay an additional cost from the fact that Bud Light, when I drink it, causes me "disutility": we'll put it politely like that.
如过我买百威淡啤酒,我必须要支付百威淡啤酒的价格,我想它会便宜点,原材料的价格比吉尼斯低,但我同样要支付附加成本因为百威淡啤酒,当我喝它的时候,味道一般,我表达得委婉一点
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So if P1 is less than P2--so if they're the low price firm-- if Coke is the low price firm, only Coke sells in the market.
如果P1小于P2,公司1的价格较低,如果可口可乐的价格较低,市场上将只销售可口可乐
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Well it's going to 1 -P1 if they're the low price firm.
如果公司1的价格较低,它是1-P1
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So basically the idea is that the more these firms produce, so the more the total quantity produced q1 + q2, the lower is the price in the marketplace for this product.
核心思想就是两家企业生产得越多,即产量,q1 + q2,越大,该产品的市场价格就越低
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