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Now the added sugar before, does anybody remember from the Eaton article how ancient humans added sugar to things?
在糖类出现以前,有谁还记得伊顿的一篇文章是谈论,祖先是如何在食品中添加糖类
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I used to have a dog that I would walk in this area a lotwhen he was very young.
我以前有一只狗，它很小的时候，我会经常在这里遛狗。
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By the way, how many of you are Poly Sci majors who have seen this model before?
顺便问下,你们这些政治学专业的学生中,有谁以前听过这个模型吗
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How many of you have heard the term used before? How may have you heard the term used before in terms of programming languages? Great. For the rest you, don't sweat it. This is a highfalutin term that computer scientists use to try and make them look like they're smarter than they really are.
这里就要引入递归的概念了,你们中有多少人以前听过这个词？,你们中有多少人在编程语言中,用过这个词？,很好，剩下的同学也不要担心,这是电脑科学家们用来让自己,显得更聪明的夸张词汇。
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And just as in that earlier poem the act of fishing is symbolically resonant "The Fisherman" is an image of man searching the depths of the world for the wisdom that hides beneath the surface of things.
和以前的事一样,也是有象征意味的,渔夫是一个探索世界的深邃,和隐藏在事物表面下的智慧,的一个人物形象。
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There has been study after study showing that people in the military who were otherwise, for instance, racists after working with people of different races liked them more because you had all of the right ingredients.
不断地有研究表明,在军队里，以前是种族主义者的人,和不同种族的人合作后，会更喜欢他们,因为军队里都包含了这些促成因素。
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I can get this to show us how far up we are supposed to go, by placing it on some kind of grid here," and this is this--as I said before, the beginning of the first graph in the history of the West.
我可以通过将它放置在这样的网格中,来表明我们的声音应该有多高,而这就是,正如我以前所说,西方历史上最早的图示法
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So it's really neat to think that your counterparts 100 years ago right here at MIT could have been sitting in a class where they had Lewis as their lecturer, and he's putting forth these ideas -- these are actually his lecture notes, even though it wasn't even published yet, and giving this idea of Lewis structure, which is exactly what we keep using today in order to make a lot of these predictions.
因此会有很棒的感觉，当想一想一百年以前像你们一样,在这上学的同学可能正坐在教室里,听路易斯讲课，而他正在提出这些想法-,-而这些正是他的课堂讲义，尽管当时还没有发表，但已经给出了路易斯结构的思想，这正是我们直到今天都一直在用的,用它来做很多预测。
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and then he came back and he's, he was more resilient than, you know, than before.
然后他回来了，比以前更有忍耐力。
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One-third of every steamboat built in the United States before 1850 exploded and destroyed became a wreck.
850年以前,美国制造的每三艘蒸汽船,就有一艘爆炸或毁坏,彻底地报销
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I have some memories I didn't have 20 minutes ago.
有一些我20分钟以前,没有的记忆。
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Near where I live is Noel Gallagher, who was in the band Oasis.
在我住的地方的附近，有诺尔•加拉格尔，他以前在绿洲乐队。
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Afghanistan was sure changed from the start and still being sure changed.
与以前相比，阿富汗肯定有所改变，将来还会有变化。
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And it's not a la-di-dah thing where--I'll tell you, once there was a student in there who had really fantastic French and I said, "Why is your French so good?"
其实也不是那么严格要求的,我给你们讲,以前有个学生法语特好,我就问他你法语怎么这么好啊
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I don't know how much you've seen, but quite often the way you learned physics earlier on in high school is probably different from the way professional physicists think about it.
我不知道你们对物理有多少了解,但你们以前在高中所学的物理知识,和资深物理学家们的看法,常常是很不一样的
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Labyrinth was at Columbia University and Yale.
哥伦比亚大学和耶鲁以前都有"迷宫书店"
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And so you're able to take... I don't know how many there are.
所以你可以做一下以前的考题……我不知道总共有多少份。
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Well, there's one I used to live near.
好的，有一家我以前住它旁边。
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London, already by the late sixteenth century, one-sixth of all the people, I think this is E.A. Wrigley who pointed this out a long time ago--one-sixth of all the people in England went to London frequently, because London was absolutely gigantic as a city.
伦敦,早在十六世纪后期,六分之一的人口,我想是E.A莱格力很久以前给出的这个数据,他指出,当时有六分之一的英国人,会经常去伦敦,因为伦敦当时是个巨型城市
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A good many of you have seen it before.
看来有不少人以前见过啊
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That's 1800 times faster. But the real one that blows me away is, it has 2 gig of memory inside of it. That's 12 thousand times more memory. Oh, and by the way?
比以前快了1800倍,但是真让我感到吃惊的是,它有2G的内存，这是以前的12000倍,顺便说一句我的？
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But there was an exhibit of jellyfish, I know at least until last year, at the Boston Museum of Science, and all of you guys can get in there free.
但那以前有水母的展示，我知道至少去年有，在波士顿科学博物馆，你们都可以免费去看。
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We said before that in Western music we have musical notation.
我们以前说过,在西方的音乐里有音乐记谱法
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How many of you have had a philosophy class before?
你们中有多少人以前上过哲学课？
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If you will P-function again, if you have been P-functioning in the past and you will be P-functioning again in the future, P-functioning for person functioning, you will be P-functioning again in the future, then you're not dead.
只要你还可能再度拥有人格功能性，以前有过人格功能性,以后也会有人格功能性，人格功能性就是作为人的各种功能，你将来能够再次拥有人格功能性，你就没有死。
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I used to have up here a page--I used to take- instead of Treasury Direct, which is a website, I used to get a clipping from The Wall Street Journal that showed much the same information that you see on this chart.
我以前有个幻灯片,不同于现在的"国库指南"网站,我过去用的是《华尔街日报》的剪报,上面是和这表上几乎相同的内容
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You have a general partner, then limited partners, and you don't hear about DPPs.
有了普通合伙人,再找有限合伙人,你们以前没听说过DPP
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