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That can happen but that's abnormal, but changes in maybe the chemistry of the backbone that holds the nucleotides together.
这可能发生的,但属于非正常的变化,而是改变诸如维持核苷酸序列的,主链的化学结构
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It's phosphate, carbon, carbon, carbon, phosphate, carbon, carbon, carbon, phosphate and it has this structure hanging off the side.
就是磷酸基与戊糖的碳反复连接,如此循环往复,这种结构构成了主链的一边
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There are two upright struts of the ladder, one shown in blue here, the other shown black.
两条上下的主链作为支柱,一条以蓝色表示,一条以黑色表示
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One thing to notice is this part of the double helix that we'll call the backbone.
要注意的是,这两股构成双螺旋的链我们称之为主链
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Those are two continuous strands that wind around each other to form the double helix.
这两股主链,相互缠绕形成双螺旋
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One is that there are two backbones right here in the light blue, so this would be the upright parts of the ladder that are twisted.
其一是浅蓝色所代表的两条主链,这是构成,扭曲梯子的垂直部分
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They were colored the same, the backbones were colored the same in the diagram.
但颜色是一样的,在示意图这些主链的颜色是一样的
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So what's going to form the backbone is this continual link, phosphate to sugar, phosphate to sugar, phosphate to sugar, all linked together to form one long, long molecule.
主链是由这样重复的连接构成的,从磷酸到戊糖,周而复始,所有这些连接起来构成一个长链分子
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This represents the upright struts on a ladder that I showed you before, it represents this backbone that's shown by - that's formed by polymerizing the pentose's together through phosphate's always going 5' to 3', 5' to 3'.
线条代表梯子,上下的支柱 之前给你们演示过,代表由多聚戊糖分子,通过磷酸基从5'端向3'端方向,连接起来的主链
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It's the phosphate and the pentose that make up the backbone - that make up the upright struts of the ladder and it's the bases that make up the connecting struts, so the bases are the colors.
磷酸基和戊糖,共同构成了主链,主链又构成了梯子上下的支柱,而碱基,则构成连接支柱的梯阶,碱基是用各种颜色表示的
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The backbone is what?
主链是什么
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That there are two colors per strut, so what's linking the two backbones together are two colored segments that come from the outside towards the middle, and that the colors occur only in certain combinations, red and green, yellow and blue, that's all you see.
每个梯阶有两个颜色,主链是由,两种不同颜色的片段由外向内连接起来的,这些颜色仅以某种特定方式配对,红连接绿,黄连接蓝,大家都能看到
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The backbone's on the outside of the molecule like the upright struts of a ladder on the outside of a ladder.
主链位于DNA分子结构外侧,像梯子两侧上下的支柱,记住是梯子外侧
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In some cases that backbone gets methylated and those regions of the DNA that are methylated get treated differently by the cell than unmethylated regions.
一些情况下,主链会甲基化,该甲基化区域的DNA,和未甲基化区域的DNA,会被细胞区别对待
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Every unit in the backbone of this ladder has the same sugar unit, the same pentose; it's either RNA or DNA and has ribose or deoxyribose, so you don't need to describe the whole thing.
主链的每个单位,都由相同的糖单位构成,同样的戊糖,RNA里是核糖,DNA里是脱氧核糖,所以你不需要所有细节都描述
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