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So for instance, suppose you want to know, for whatever reason, do babies like the looks of dogs or cats?
比如说,假设你没来由的想知道,婴儿会喜欢狗的模样还是猫的摸样
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I used to have a dog that I would walk in this area a lotwhen he was very young.
我以前有一只狗，它很小的时候，我会经常在这里遛狗。
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And it turns out that the dog— when they zapped part of its brain, its leg would kick up.
结果是那只狗,当研究者们电击某个大脑区域时,狗的四肢便会乱踢起来
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She was a brilliant Ph.D. student of mine and she had two dogs.
她是一个非常聪明的博士生,她有两条狗。
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People are already shaking their heads over me and any immediate God further professional use on my part of the word "God" except as a familiar, healthy American expletive will be taken or rather confirmed as the very worst kind of name dropping and a sure sign that I'm going straight to the dogs.
人们经常对我表示不同意，以及对,我一用那个字“,除非作为熟悉的健康的美式感叹词或咒骂词时,它们会被认为是最差的名字,也肯定是我向那些狗前进的标志。
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So in those circumstances, I'm an advocate of active euthanasia. I think it is just as if you have a dog who was dying from some disease, you wouldn't say, well we just let nature take its call.
所以这种情况下，我通常会,支持安乐死，我认为,这就像是你的狗得了病,马上就要死了，你不会说，嗯，我们顺其自然吧。
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my kids were born here, my dog was born here, so. We're from New York.
我的孩子在这里出生，我的狗在这里出生，所以说我们来自纽约。
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Yeah, he went to prison for, you know, that thing with the dogs and everything
是，他因为狗的那些事进过监狱，
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The life of a dog or a cat or a chicken consists of appetites, cravings, desires, and their gratifications.
狗，猫，小鸡的生命,都充斥着各类嗜好，渴望，欲望，以及满足感。
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And you're looking at somebody who basically does not like dogs at all but who loves cats, and canine butchers replaced horse butchers.
你如果去观察,那些不喜欢狗,但是喜欢猫的人,还有杀狗的屠户取代了杀马的
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Microsoft Bob was kind of like a low end Word processor and spreadsheet but the screen look like a house and this dog walked around and talked to you about writing your book reports or something.
那是一款类似于,低端文档处理器和数据表,的产品，但是屏幕,看起来像个房子,还有狗走来走去和你对话，写书或者报告。
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I used to bring my dog and he slept under the table.
我曾经带过我的狗来上课然后它就睡在桌下面。
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I hate dogs, but anyway, this is children playing with a cat.
但我讨厌狗,不多闲扯了,这是个顽童戏猫的场景
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I think this is not only impractical but not ethical and I would not be able to look into the eyes of my dogs when I go home at night.
我认为这不仅不切实际,而且还不道德,晚上回家,我都不敢面对自家的狗了。
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And he had to attach something to dogs so that their saliva would pour out so he could study saliva.
他给狗套上了一些装置,来收集狗的唾液用以研究。
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The boy might instead kick the dog and think he hates the dog because that's a more acceptable target.
孩子可能会去踢狗，觉得狗很可恨,因为狗是可以接受的替代性目标。
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You're--and to put it in a crude way, you're teaching the dog that the bell goes with the food.
简单地说，你在让狗知道,铃声和食物是一起出现的。
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So, if your dog gives you-- if your dog, I don't know, dances for an hour straight, that would be an interval thing.
如果你的狗-,每当你的狗连续跳舞一小时，你才会奖励它，那这就是时间强化。
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What he would do is he'd put food powder in the dog's mouth to generate saliva.
他的做法是,给狗喂食，让狗分泌唾液。
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But Pavlov observed that when somebody entered the room who typically gave him the food powder, the dog--the food powder saliva would start to come out.
他注意到,当给它喂食的人,进屋时，狗便开始分泌唾液。
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These are words for objects and actions like "Dog" And "Up" And "Milk."
都是些表达客体和动作的词,例如"狗","向上"和"牛奶"
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When the bell comes connected with food, there's a lot of saliva.
当铃声和食物形成了联系，狗会因为铃声的出现而分泌大量唾液。
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Here is a cartoon which actually illustrates a classic experiment by some physiologists who for some reason had a dog's brain opened up and started shocking different parts of the brain.
这是张卡通图画,实际上描绘了一个由生理学家,所做过的经典实验,出于某种原因,他们切开一只狗的大脑,对不同的大脑区域进行电击
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Now the phrase "good dog" will carry the rewarding quality.
现在“好狗狗“一词就具有了奖励的性质。
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But the presence of the dog there is a conditioned stimulus and so you grew to be afraid of dogs.
而这时狗的存在就变成了条件刺激,所以你开始对狗心生恐惧。
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Either that or you are dog lovers and you are offended by giving them metallic names.
就是你们作为狗的爱好者,觉得这些金属的名字冒犯了你们。
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So, if every tenth time your dog brought you the newspaper you gave it hugs and treats; that's ratio.
每当你的狗为你拿十次报纸,你就抱抱它，给它奖励;,这便是比率强化。
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Everybody and his pet dog is trying to get a seat on a plane out of Logan airport.
每个人和他们的宠物狗,都想获得罗根机场的飞机上的座位。
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You would say we'll take the dog to the vet, and end the dog's life.
你会把狗送到兽医那里，然后结束它的生命。
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