Basically,some councils in the early church, councils that would be called by the Emperor, for example,by Constantine or his successors.
基本上,早期教会的一些议会,会由皇帝召集,比如君士坦丁或他的继任人。
But the new Presbyterian Party soon developed its own methods of employing state power to control and regulate the church.
但新的长老派很快就发展了自己的办法,那就是利用政府权力控制和管理教会。
I'm just trying to give you an idea of the variety of different canons for different churches in different regions.
我只是想让你了解一下,不同地区不同教会的各种正典书目。
And this course in particular isn't at the end of the day about programming even though that is in fact how you will spend a good amount of your time and the skill that you will in fact walk away with.
尤其特别的是,这门课程最终的目标,不是教会你编程,尽管编程会花费你们大量的时间和精力。
The sovereign holds total power over all the institutions of civilian and ecclesiastical life, holding sway over a kind of peaceable kingdom.
君主拥有绝对的权力,它高于所有的平民机构或是教会机构,支配着和平的国家。
Final quote. "This class taught me " how to think more than any other at Yale."
最后一例,“这门课教会了我,如何比耶鲁大学的其他人思考的更多“
In Italy, obviously, Milan and Turin were terribly important cities, and Rome, which is just sort of a sleepy, ecclesiastical capital full of tourists and clergy.
在意大利,最重要的城市,显然就是米兰和都灵,还有罗马,这个城市只是一座,充斥着观光者和神职人员的教会都城
You are told what it means.
教会会告诉你它的意思。
There was no separate caste of priests and there was very little concern, I don't mean any concern, but very little concern with life after death which was universally important in other civilizations.
没有独立的教会阶层,城邦里的人们很少关注来生这个概念,很少关注,不是说完全没有关注,此观念在当时的其他文明中是极为重要的
But this headnote goes a lot further simply than that: "And by occasion foretells the ruin of our corrupted Clergy."
但是这篇眉批要表达的不仅仅是这个:,“同时也预示了腐朽的教会的溃败“
As the head of the true church, Peter's voicing here his disgust that the virtuous Edward King, soon to become a minister, had been lost at sea.
作为真我教会的首领,彼得声明了他对一度贞洁的爱德华金,即将成为一名牧师,失去自我的唾弃。
You may believe in immortality because that's what your church teaches you.
你可能相信永生,因为那是教会告诉你的。
And the key to his strength,besides the church,are the nobles.
而除了教会,他的力量关键要靠贵族
So the union of a universalist religion, with a monarch such as the Roman Empire, who ruled a vast empire, could nonetheless have put an end to any prospect of freedom as in other civilizations.
所以说,若是由信普救说者教会,与罗马帝国为代表的君主政体结盟,便会断送,其他文明中存在的自由前景
These are churches of almost every imaginable stripe, and they're springing up and, from a mainstream perspective, they're quickly eroding the authority of the Church of England.
几乎每寸可以想到的土地上都有教堂,从主流角度来说,他们迅速成长,他们很快就侵蚀了英国的教会统治。
What this parable really teaches us is that we do best to wait, we do best to consider the command, to consider all of the possible investment strategies.
这个寓言真正教会我们的是我们最好等着,我们最好仔细考虑要求,考虑所有可能的投资策略。
Peter wields the keys of the kingdom of heaven and can open and shut the doors of personal salvation, just as he can open and shut the doors of the church.
彼得挥舞着通往天堂极乐的钥匙,他可以任意打开关闭,凡人可借此得救的大门,正如他可以任意操控通往教会的大门一样。
Except that the Revelation of John is still not part of the lectionary or canon in some Eastern and Middle Eastern churches.
除了约翰启示录仍然不在,一些东方和中东教会的经文选或正典里。
And one of the ways we think this--one of the reasons we think this is because in some of the old manuscripts of Ephesians, "To the Ephesians" is not there.
我们之所以这样认为的原因之一,就是以弗所书的一些旧稿里,“致以弗所教会“这样的说法并不存在。
Since the poem's initial appearance, the institution of episcopacy, or church hierarchy, has been seriously eroded.
从这首诗初次面世以来,主教制度,或者说教会的等级制就已经被严重腐蚀了。
Bishops at this time,especially of major cities, would sometimes send around what we call a paschal letter, an Easter letter. In which they'd give instructions or different kinds of things to their churches.
当时的主教,特别是主要城市的主教,会发出所谓的复活节书信,信里写着给其他教会的指示,或者其他事情。
Whenever your church would get a copy of one of these letters from Paul,you would have scribes,often slaves, because slaves were especially trained to be scribes.
当一个教会得到保罗书信的一份副本时,你就要让抄写员,他们通常是奴隶,因为奴隶被专门训练成为抄写员。
Now of course, the presbyters had seized control in the first place because they disapproved of the tactics of suppression and intervention that had been deployed by the bishops, or the prelates, of the old church.
当然,现在长老首先掌握了控制权,因为他们对旧教会主教和教士的,镇压和干预策略非常反对。
In order to fill their own bellies, so greedy are they, they intruded into the church's fold and devour for themselves -this is how the allegory works -devour for themselves the nourishment that of course they should be sharing with their flock.
为了填满他们的欲望,他们挥霍了教会的资金,这就是讽喻的含义,在自我满足中尽情的挥霍,当然他们需要与自己的信徒共享。
And some of them don't have the Revelation of John in their New Testament.
其中一些教会的新约里,没有约翰启示录。
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