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I think that deposit insurance is very important but we didn't have anything for corresponding accounts at brokerage services until 1970.
所以存款保险是至关重要的,在1970年前,在经纪服务业务中,对于对应账户还未有保护举措
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A commercial bank, like a goldsmith banker, accepts deposits--that's critical -and that means you can put money in the bank.
商业银行,就像是一个金匠银行家,接受存款,这一点非常关键,就是说你可以把你的钱放到银行里
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One of the sentences that I'll repeat throughout the class is that happiness is much more contingent on our state of mind than our status or the state of our bank account.
有一句话我会在课程中经常引用,快乐由我们的精神状态而定，而不是社会地位或银行存款。
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I'm not talking about investment banks in this lecture -I'm talking about commercial banks, which accept deposits from depositors.
这节课不讲投资银行,只讲商业银行,商业银行从储户那里吸收存款
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We had deposit insurance starting in The Great Depression and that's been very important; it's now in every country.
存款保险始于大萧条时期,一直发挥着重要作用,现在遍布各个国家
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So what banks offer is liquidity -the ability to borrow short even though the loans that are made are long-term.
而银行就提供了流动性,即接受短期存款,但可以发放长期贷款的能力
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In other words, you start saving and you own stocks and bonds, and real estate, and other things.
换言之，你有存款了,有股票和债券，房产，以及其他东西。
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The other kinds of depository institutions that have developed are called thrifts and they really started from a movement in the United Kingdom.
后来发展起来的其他存款机构,都统称为"储蓄机构",这些机构的产生源自英国的一场运动
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An investment bank is not a bank that accepts deposits; it doesn't deal with the general public.
投资银行不开设存款业务,也不面向大众提供服务
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I don't know if I mentioned I assume you know about the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation?
不知我有没有提到过,你们都知道,联邦存款保险公司吧
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The moral hazard crept in because they said, hey we can borrow at a high rate.
业内悄然出现道德危机,因为他们说,我们可以提高存款利率
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So, people started rushing to pull all their money out of Northern Rock in September 2007.
007年9月,人们蜂拥到北岩门前,要求提取存款
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The other but more commonly used monetary policy is to change the rate is to effectively alter the rate of interest on deposits.
另一种形式，更广泛地被运用着,是货币政策是用来改变比率,有效地调整存款的利率水平。
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You talk to these people who were standing in front of the bank; the first question you'd ask them, aren't deposits insured in the U.K.
你去银行门前,与排队的人们交谈,先问他们,英国的存款
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The traditional commercial bank would accept deposits from businesses and make loans to businesses.
早期的商业银行吸收商业存款,并发放商业贷款
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It shows that little details about how the deposit insurance is run are important.
这说明了,存款保险如何运作是非常重要的
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That's Depository Institution's Deregulation and Monetary Control Act; what that did was, it eliminated ceilings on interest rates --on deposits, it allowed banks to pay high interest rates.
存款机构放松管制和货币控制法案,所做的就是,取消了存款利率的上限,准许银行支付高额利率
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It pays interest on the deposit and it collects interest on the loans and it charges a higher interest on the loan than they pay on the deposit.
银行付给存款人利息,同时收取贷款利息,贷款的利息较高,支付给存款人的利息较低
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At least we want to protect the small investors' savings in banks.
但至少,我们希望能保护,小额投资者们的银行存款
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Reagan was a big believer in free markets; we had a law that actually passed, it's called the Depository Institution's Deregulation and Monetary Control Act of 1980--that's actually before Reagan.
里根是自由市场的崇信者,那时其实通过了一项法律,称为,1980年存款机构放松管制和货币控制法案,该方案是在里根执政之前通过的
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The U.K. Had copied the U.S. Idea -I guess they copied -I don't know where the original -I think it's probably -is it U.K. Cpying the U.S. In this case?
英国效仿了美国的想法,我猜他们是效仿美国的,我也不知道谁先发明的,我认为可能是,存款保险是英国模仿美国
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In that case, the bank can pay interest to depositors.
这样,银行就可以向存款人支付利息了
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Even though the deposits are short-term and the depositor can get the money at any time, the depositor is earning interest of a level that can only be made on long-term loans.
即使是短期存款,存款人可以随时取走存款,存款人也可获取仅从长期贷款中,才可得到的利息水平
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Do you know what I mean by a deposit?
你知道我说的存款是什么意思么？
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The reserve requirement now is 10% 10% on demand deposits so they're forced to keep those reserves and much of that is in the form of deposits at the Federal Reserve Banks.
现在的法定准备金率%,在活期存款上是,所以它们被强迫持有这些准备金,并且一大部分是在联邦储备银行,存着的。
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Investment banks are very different in that a pure investment bank does not accept deposits and it doesn't make loans; it's an underwriter for securities.
投资银行是完全不同的,单纯的投资银行既不吸收存款,也不发放贷款,投行是证券承销商
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Banks still are vulnerable to bank runs because they still have deposits so the system is still vulnerable and therefore the Federal Reserve has a set of reserve requirements.
银行仍然对银行挤兑敏感,因为它们仍然有存款,所以这个系统还是比较脆弱的，因此,联邦储备金有一系列的法定准备金率。
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Another example is the Saving and Loan Association.
还有一种存款机构叫做储蓄贷款协会
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It says that you have to keep deposits with us here at the central bank; either that or else keep vault cash and show that you have it as reserves for your deposits.
它声明你必须在中央银行这里,付保证金；,要不那样做，要不就在金库中存钱,并且表明你把它作为,存款中的储备金。
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If you go to a savings bank, or a savings and loan, or a commercial bank and you say, I want to open up a checking account--that's a deposit; or, I want to open up a saving account--that's a deposit.
如果你去一个储蓄银行或者商业银行，去储蓄或者贷款，你说，我想开个支票账户，这就是储蓄;,或者说我先开个存款账户，这就是储蓄。
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