The legal subject is the father; he has lost a child. So I have to suffer the literal punishment, as a father, I have to lose my child. Right?

法律主体是父亲，他失去了孩子，作为父亲，我也必须,遭受原义惩罚，失去我自己的孩子，对吧？

耶鲁公开课 - 旧约导论课程节选

That's not vicarious. You're not substituting. It's literal.

这不是替代，你并没有进行替换，它是遵循原义的。

耶鲁公开课 - 旧约导论课程节选

I don't think it's vicarious punishment. I call it literal punishment.

我认为它不应该是替代惩罚，我叫它原义惩罚。

耶鲁公开课 - 旧约导论课程节选