This refers to a tendency for people in making quantitative judgments to subconsciously have their judgments anchored by some arbitrary stimulus.

指的是,人们在做定量估测时,会受外界影响,将某些特定数值作为起始值,而起始值像锚一样制约着估测值

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

This hasn't really been studied but my guess is they become worse and worse for the reason I mentioned before.

原因还没有研究 但我猜测,导致人们的估测越来越遭的原因我提起过

耶鲁公开课 - 关于食物的心理学、生物学和政治学课程节选

Again it's like anyone who does important things it's hard to judge the whole picture and on that I am sure he has created value for the economy.

同理，对于那些做着重要事情的人们,很难估测大局,不过我很肯定的是,他已经为经济创造了价值。

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

People are really bad at guessing about this, and they become worse and worse.

人们实在不擅长估测这些,而且变得越来越糟

耶鲁公开课 - 关于食物的心理学、生物学和政治学课程节选

But what this study found was people were asked to estimate how much food they were consuming and how many calories they were burning through physical activity.

但是这个研究发现,当人们被要求估测,他们吃了多少食物,通过体育运动消耗多少卡路里时

耶鲁公开课 - 关于食物的心理学、生物学和政治学课程节选

So portions are an interesting phenomenon and people estimate these in different ways.

所以每日摄入量是个值得探讨的现象,人们用不同的方法估测它

耶鲁公开课 - 关于食物的心理学、生物学和政治学课程节选

And people are making errors of this magnitude you can see the problem.

如果人们在重量估测上犯了错,问题便出现了

耶鲁公开课 - 关于食物的心理学、生物学和政治学课程节选

So, how well can you estimate the calories in things?

那么,你们是否能很好地估测卡路里呢

耶鲁公开课 - 关于食物的心理学、生物学和政治学课程节选

Okay. All right, so have you got your estimates?

你们完成估测了吗

耶鲁公开课 - 关于食物的心理学、生物学和政治学课程节选

Now here, they weren't estimating the calories they were just doing reports of how much physical activity they got and then the investigators calculated the calories and then the graph was created here.

说一下,实验对象没有实际估测卡路里,他们只是将运动量汇报给研究者,然后研究者进行计算,研究者绘制了这表格

耶鲁公开课 - 关于食物的心理学、生物学和政治学课程节选

Now, if you guys are using your computer or you have a pen, I'd just like you to write down what your estimates are of a few foods I'll show you and see what you say.

使用你们的电脑,或者拿起支笔,请写下对以下我展示的一些食物,卡路里的估测,让我们看看结果

耶鲁公开课 - 关于食物的心理学、生物学和政治学课程节选