I'm now exploring the question of whether or not stock prices are indeed memoryless, or the stock changes.
我现在要探索一个问题那就是股价,是否真的是无记忆的,或者说股票的变化是否是无记忆性的。
now you have this object which is going to tell you whether other things are in thermal equilibrium now.
现在你有了一个可以告诉你,其他物体是否处于,热平衡的物体。
And they're awfully simple because, all I can do now, is decide whether to execute some piece of code or another.
它们之所以太简单的原因是:,现在我能做的,就是,决定执行一块代码或者执行另外一块。
This God is one who brings things into being, whether it's a cosmos from chaos, or now a new nation from a band of runaway slaves.
这个上帝使是一切得以存在的根源,不论是由混乱而来的宇宙秩序,或者是由一帮逃窜奴隶而来的新国度。
So what we need to examine now is whether John Stuart Mill had a convincing reply to these objections to utilitarianism.
我们现在的任务是思考穆勒,是否令人信服地回应了对功利主义的质疑。
What I'm considering right now is the question whether sameness of soul is the key to being the same person.
我现在考虑的问题是,同样的灵魂,是否就是成为同一个人的关键。
And we can argue about whether or not that's work, but that has been the intention certainly in the 20th century and now 21st.
我们可以对这种现象有所争论,但这个观点,肯定是20世纪和现在21世纪的焦点。
Now whether or not any of this is true, believe me, is neither here nor there.
不管这些正确与否,相信我,关键不在于此。
All right. So, let's focus our attention up here now, or whether it's between phosphorous.
好,让我们开始集中注意力吧,还是磷呢?
Suppose, whether these are actually your payoffs or not, pretend they are for now.
不管这是不是真的就是你们收益,假设这就是你们的收益
Now people are beginning to question whether this should define what a food is.
有人就要质疑了,这到底能不能界定食物的范畴呢
But whether that's an aberration, or that it's a new trend is still too early to say right now whether we're a new growing trend or not.
但究竟这是意外现象,还是一股新趋势,要下定论现在还为时尚早,我们还无法确定这是不是新趋势。
I'll let you read Siegel and his discussion of this possibility, ... but I think that-- what I want to get now is not necessarily any agreement on whether you believe that there's such a high excess return for stocks.
我会要求你们读西格尔的书,以及他对这种可能性的讨论,但是我认为-,你们并不需要,同意炒股的收益,远远高于其他的投资方式。
And I want to stop at this point to go back to the issue -I promised you I would turn a bit to sign language and I want to describe now a very elegant --I want to show a little film now of a very elegant series of experiments looking at the question of whether babies who are exposed to a sign language, babble.
我想在这里停一下,回到之前的一个问题上,我说过我会稍微讲一下手语,我现在想要播放一小段电影,展示一系列精彩的实验,这些实验探究了暴露在手语环境中的婴儿,是否会进行咿呀学语的问题
So that's the second thing I've just highlighted here, is that I now have the ability to check whether it does the right thing.
你知道的,一个虚数,但是返回虚数就没有什么价值了,那么这是我想要强调的第二件事情。
.. And they might take -- And I will. I mean, I don't have the decision right now of whether or not to pay taxes.
他们就可能会-,我会是少数派,这下我就无权决定是否要缴税了。
So we now have a real usable criterion to help guide our understanding of whether things happen by themselves of their own accord or not.
所以我们找到了一个非常有用的判据,这个判据能够指导我们,弄明白变化是否,是自发发生的。
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