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And there are three properties of this diet that help promote overeating and obesity in laboratory animals.
而这种导致实验室动物,过度进食和肥胖的饮食具备三种特征
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Again, to show you the difference, a different perspective, from a different point of view about the impact of this diet you can look at something like that.
我们再从另一个视角,来看看这种饮食结构的影响,你们可以看看这些对比
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So this diet, although it's processed by a company and sold for people doing animal studies, it more or less mimics what these animals might be eating under natural conditions.
尽管这些食物经过商业加工,并用于动物科学研究,但会尽可能的模拟,实验动物在自然环境下的饮食
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Let me ask another question, if you give this-- and we'll talk about this in a later lecture, but if you give this diet to laboratory animal-- rats, mice, whatever-- it's very common for animals to gain a good bit of weight when given access to this diet.
我们来看另一个问题,如果你给,我们将在以后的课上讨论这个话题,但如果你给实验室动物,像小白鼠之类的,给予某种类型的饮食,这种饮食习惯会使得体重增加
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If you change the animal's environment and you give it access to these sort of foods, and these are the pictures that I showed in the first class, and you remember I asked you what constituents of this diet promoted obesity and you said it was fat, sugar, and variety that was correct.
如果你改变动物所在环境,再给它们这些食物,这些图片我们在第一课见到过,我问过这些食物中哪些成分使人发胖,你们说脂肪,糖和其他成分,没错
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Protein was a lot different in this period of time and many health authorities think a higher protein diet would benefit humans.
蛋白质的含量也不同,现代很多健康专家认为,高蛋白质的摄入是对人们有益的
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There's the Diet Code, this is the weight loss secrets of Leonardo Da Vinci, and you probably didn't know this, but see?
还有减肥密码,这是达芬奇的减肥秘诀,你可能并不知道这个,我们来看看
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Experts differ on this and people have their favorite nutrients, and this gets played out in diet books.
专家对此尚有争议,人们各有营养喜好,这一切在食谱书中都有体现
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It looks from this kind of thing like the Mediterranean Diet is one example of a healthy diet.
由此可见,地中海式饮食是健康饮食之一
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It got its name, of course, because there are parts of the world where people tend to eat this sort of a diet.
它之所以被称为地中海式饮食,是因为全球有部分地区的人们,以这种饮食结构为主
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Even if they're given healthy food at the same time, they'll tend to ignore the healthy food and eat a diet like this.
即使同时给它们喂食健康食品,它们也会选择前者的食物,而不吃健康食品
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By this we mean poor diet and physical activity and obesity, but history offers a depressing picture.
在这个问题中我们是指不良饮食,缺乏运动和肥胖,但历史情况不容乐观
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One of the hypotheses that was being tested in this particular study was that a low-fat diet would reduce a woman's risk for breast cancer.
其中一个,在研究中被检验的假设是,低脂膳食,有助于降低妇女患乳腺癌的风险
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It puts together the experience with tobacco and the experience with diet, to talk about how countries might see this problem coming and doing something about it.
它把发生在香烟和饮食上的,事情放在一起进行对比,讲述了国家是如何发现问题,并做一些事情来解决问题
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By the way, if we go back to this, another big part of disease--chronic disease that's related to diet, is the physical activity part of the equation.
顺便一说 我们回过去看,大多数疾病,与饮食有关的慢性疾病,与一个关于肢体运动的方程式有关
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It wasn't actually a study itself on the Mediterranean Diet, but it was a review of other studies that had been done using this statistical technique called meta-analysis.
该研究本身并不直接研究地中海式饮食法,而是运用荟萃分析的统计方法,对其它已有的相关研究进行研究
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One diet that gets discussed a fair amount, but mainly in recent years, is something called the Mediterranean Diet, and I'd like to discuss this for two reasons.
近几年有一种饮食法,引起了相当多的讨论,那就是地中海式饮食,我认为有两点原因值得我们探讨
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So these are diets where they put their name on the book like this, and of course, the classic one of all time was Dr. Atkins' Diet Revolution.
还有些书以人名为题,比如,经典的例子是,《阿特金斯博士的新饮食革命》
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Now again we're not-- the purpose of this class isn't to have you improve your diet, if that happens that's fine, but that's not the purpose of the class.
现在再次重申,本门课的目的不是改进你的饮食,如果你的饮食因此改善,那很好,但是这不是本门课的目的
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Second, it shows that it-- it weakens to some extent how much faith we can have in studies that link diet to health because of this error that gets introduced.
第二,表明了这在某种程度上消弱了,我们在研究饮食与健康之间联系时的信心,因为误差的出现
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The plant diet at this point was still quite important.
植食性食谱在此时仍是非常重要
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The current pyramid makes the diet look like this.
目前的食物金字塔是这样划分饮食的
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All these things are very important players, so we'll talk about this and discuss what sort of things are shaping your diet, but also the world's diet and the reasons behind them.
这些因素都非常的重要,我们会对此进行讨论,并讨论是什么塑造了我们的饮食习惯,以及世界各地人们的饮食习惯,及其背后的原因
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What's interesting about this particular diet?
这种饮食法究竟有什么独特之处呢
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But it's also helpful to think just for health and well-being in general, what might be done to improve the diet and this will be a good way to try to get at that.
但如果出于健康考虑,想想如何能改善饮食,也是很有益处的,这次的作业就是一个改善饮食的好方式
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Then you can look at how this stacks up for a person that has a 200 calorie diet or a 2500 calorie diet, and it'll show things like total fat, cholesterol, sodium, and total carbohydrate.
最后是普通人的各种营养日建议摄取量,这是基于两千或两千五百卡膳食标准的,这里列出了脂肪总量,胆固醇,钠,和碳水化合物总量
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Again, we have to ask ourselves, we have to start thinking of the question about what does this mean for doing something about changing the world's diet, changing the nation's diet, changing the world's diet?
让我们来问问自己,考虑一下这个问题,改变一个国家的饮食文化,改变这个世界的饮食,这意味着什么
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This graph shows some of it as well, but in this case for children, in the left hand side you see the ideal composition of the diet according to government recommendations that the diet should be partitioned in this way.
这个图表也揭示了一些类似的事实,不过是在儿童饮食中的情况,在左边你看到的是理想的饮食组合,按照政府的推荐食谱,食物应该这样搭配
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Some people can fight the brain off in this case, and control their food intake, maintain a healthy diet, and maintain a normal weight, but the number of such people in the population is shrinking by the day.
有些人可以抵制大脑的控制,控制食物的摄入量,维持健康饮食 保持正常体重,而今,这类人的数量日益减少
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One, there's a growing amount of literature showing that Mediterranean--eating the Mediterranean Diet has protected against a number of diseases, but also there was a study on this that just came out on Friday, and I'd like to discuss the results of that particular study.
首先越来越多的文献指出,地中海式饮食可以预防多种疾病,另外上周五有一篇新发表的研究,我一会儿会讲讲这项研究的研究结果
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