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But if you're trying to use that virus as a gene delivery vector and your body gets rid of it then the therapy has failed, it's ended.
但如果你想把腺病毒作为基因治疗载体,而你的身体清除这种病毒,治疗就失败了,前功尽弃了
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That's the therapy. There isn't a magic exercise.
这就是药方。没有什么神奇的运动。
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And the therapy he gets is classical conditioning.
他接受的就是以经典条件作用,为原理的行为治疗。
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Well, I talked about the problem of using plasmids in gene therapy, that it's very difficult to get them into cells.
我们之前讨论过,基因治疗中运用质粒的问题,质粒本身极难进入细胞
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The same with cognition and we will talk a lot about it when we talk about CBT-- Cognitive Behavioral Therapy.
认知也是如此，我们会深入讨论认知,当谈到认知行为治疗时。
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For Plato, philosophy was in the first instance, a therapy for our passions in a way of setting limits to our desires.
对于柏拉图，哲学的首要任务，是透过对我们的欲望设限,来治疗我们的激情。
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Again, a therapy of the soul that brings peace and contentment and a kind of justice.
一种灵魂的治疗,带来和平，满足,与正义。
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There is account of evidence where people actually do change and we have research showing that people going to therapy very often change as the a result of therapy.
有证据显示,人们的确是会改变的,我们有研究显示，经常接受治疗的人,会容易改变。
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Why isn't that the solution to gene therapy?
但病毒为什么不是基因治疗的解决方案呢
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Although Freud was very sensitive to the brain basis of behavior, Freud was totally convinced that the method through which to cure disorders like depression and anxiety would not be medication but rather through the sort of talk therapy and insight.
尽管弗洛伊德对行为的大脑基础十分着迷，但他确信,抑郁症和焦虑症等障碍,不应采取药物治疗,而应采用会谈性治疗和内省。
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And what the Republic tries to do is to offer us strategies, maybe we might even call it a therapy, Thumos for dealing with thumos, for submitting it to the control of reason and helping us to achieve some level of balance, of self-control and moderation.
而《理想国》尝试做的是,提供我们策略，而我们甚至能称之为疗法，用以处理，让它接受理性的控制,并助我们达到某种程度的平衡，介于自控与节制之间。
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So controlling the dose is really important and that's going to turn out to be very important in cancer therapy because these are very potent drugs that will have bad effects in other sites and you want to localize them where they want, so we're going to talk about that.
控制药物剂量非常重要,特别是在癌症的治疗当中,这一点尤为重要,因为这些药物效力强大,会对其他部位产生不良影响,你不能使药物扩散到别的组织,这就是我们要讲的问题了
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Before we talk about how to do it-- and we don't have perfect ways to do it yet but I'll describe some of the ways that are used, I want to talk just briefly on this slide about what the goals for gene therapy might be.
在讲具体怎么做之前--,现在还没有任何一种方法是完美的,但我还是要讲讲一些已经应用的方法,我借助这张幻灯片简要介绍一下,基因治疗的可能目标
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These two new medical therapies that I mentioned are based on interfering with the biology of RNA, and one is older than the other and the older one is called anti-sense therapy.
我提到的这两种新医学疗法,都是基于RNA干扰来实现的,一种比另一种出现的更早,较早的那种方法叫做反义疗法
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So in the first week we run a section called from strawberries to gene therapy where we talk about DNA, extract DNA, you can play with the DNA of an organism and we can think about how to use DNA for other purposes.
第一周组会的主题是从草莓到基因疗法,主要讨论DNA和DNA的提取,使你们对有机组织的DNA有直观的认识,并思考DNA的其它应用
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