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Laud took his mission as the head of the Church of England to be the squelching of this Puritan opposition.
劳德以其身为英国大主教的特权,极力打压着清教徒的反抗。
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We find ourselves in today's reading, Areopagitica in the middle of the English Revolution, sometimes called the Puritan Revolution.
我们在今天的阅读中发现自己，《论出版自由》,在英国革命，也就是有时被称为清教改革，的过程中。
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And it's possible that the very idea of a Puritan poet presented Milton with what may have felt like an insoluble conflict.
成为清教徒诗人的想法可能,让弥尔顿感到一些不可调和的冲突。
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Now the Church of England establishment always countered these puritan treatises in attack of their position.
现在英国的教会当局,总是在清教徒的立场上对他们的论文进行反击。
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Up until this period, the early 1650s, Milton was a devoted contributor to the ideal Puritan notion of this government, and it was really the height of his political idealism.
直到这一时期，17世纪50年代早期，弥尔顿还忠诚,的拥护这一清教徒政府的理想化理念，这是他的政治理想主义的顶峰。
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We can think of it -- this is an anachronistic term -but increasingly leftist, and he's becoming one of those figures that we can now identify with this label of "Puritan."
我们可以想象-这里有一个时代有些错误的术语,但是他的确是越来越左派，并正在成为我们目前,贴上“清教徒“标签的标志人物之一“
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All of Milton's expectations that England might actually be transformed, and they were glorious expectations, into something like a Puritan utopia or even a Puritan paradise -- all of that had been destroyed.
弥尔顿壮丽的期望，将英格兰转变成一个，清教徒乌托邦，甚至是清教徒天堂的期望,统统破灭了。
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In this description of the moderate and temperate enjoyment of nature, the Lady is giving us something like a Puritan economic theory.
在关于适度和有节制的享乐的描述中，这位女士给我们提出了类似清教徒的有利可图理论。
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A struggle breaks out in the church, and Milton naturally takes the Puritan position in favor of preaching.
教会爆发了反抗，弥尔顿当仁不让的站在了清教徒一方，支持布道。
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After all, this is an extremely pious Puritan. But as late as the 1640s, this was not at all the epic subject that Milton was intending to use.
不管怎么说，弥尔顿是个很虔诚的清教徒，但是到了17世纪，40年代的时候，弥尔顿都根本没想过要写这个主题。
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In 1649, the great Puritan Revolution reached an unspeakable climax.
649年，浩浩荡荡的清教徒革命达到了高潮。
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There's also a more specific, a more local, reason for which our John Milton was susceptible to this profit-and-loss rhetoric of Calvinist puritan theology.
还有一个更具体，更局部的原因,弥尔顿易受,卡尔文新教神学的盈亏理论的影响。
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The treatises that he had written in favor of the right to divorce for reasons of incompatibility in the earlier 1640s had scandalized his contemporaries and had especially scandalized his Puritan contemporaries on the left.
这些他在17世纪40年代早期所写的因为不能,相互容忍而离婚的权力,让当代人感到厌恶和反感,尤其让当代清教徒的左派反感。
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it seems more or less to be a Puritan Revolution.
这似乎就像是一场清教革命。
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He had been the foremost propagandist for the Puritan side.
弥尔顿是清教徒一方最有力的宣传者。
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So in the years just before 1637, the English court under James I and then later under Charles I -the English crown had been cracking down on the delivery of Puritan sermons in the church.
因此在1637年之前，詹姆斯一世以及,后来的查理一世，领导下的王庭,此时英国的王权已经在极力打击,清教徒训诫仪式的实行。
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A minority government of revolutionary Puritans had effectively taken control of the state. The radical Puritan Parliament voted to execute the tyrant -- what they considered to be the tyrant, King Charles I -- and to establish its own government.
清教徒革命者组建的少数政府成功的,控制了英国，激进的清教徒议会投票决定,处死暴君--他们认为是暴君的，国王查理一世--并组建自己的政府。
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The rest of contemporary history, including all of the stormy events leading up to Milton's own beloved Puritan Revolution, in which Milton himself, of course, had participated -all of that has been at least at the literal level, at the explicit level, expunged from the poem.
接下来的当代历史，包括所有引领着弥尔顿所钟爱的清教徒革命的,暴风性事件，在那场革命中，弥尔顿本人也参与其中,-所有那些至少在文义层面，在独立于本诗之外可说清的层面，都是很重要的。
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He's been sacrificed to the Puritan cause.
他成了新兴清教徒事业的牺牲品。
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those church officials essentially appointed by Archbishop William Laud, were replaced in the early 1640s by means of the success of the Puritan revolutionaries and were replaced by presbyters: ministers who were chosen by individual congregations.
那些教会的要员本质上都是罗得主教任命的，他在17世纪40年代被清教的革命者和,长老所取代：,就是被每个教会的会众选出的教会的牧师。
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But in citing the power of what she claims to be this Puritan bogey, Virginia Woolf really suddenly reveals, I think, how difficult it is even for her to shut out entirely the real -or it might just be the bogus--power of John Milton.
但是通过指出这她称之为清教徒式的妖言的力量，佛吉尼亚·伍尔夫的确突然间向人们展示了，我想，即使是她，想要完全抵御弥尔顿的切实存在的力量,-也有可能仅仅是蛊惑人的妖言--是非常困难的。
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