This is a game in which there are two firms who are competing in the same market, and we'll give a bit more detail in a second.

它讲的是在同一个市场中,只有两家公司互相竞争,稍后我会给出更多的细节

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

Sure enough what you see very quickly emerging is new entrants entering the market to say, hey these firms are restricting their quantities, we can get in there and make money.

不久你就会发现有大量的新兴公司,进入了这个领域,他们发现先入公司在限制产量,就也进入行业来赚钱了

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

So this is really the first attempt, way back in the nineteenth century to study a market that's somewhere in the middle, where it happens most markets are there are two firms.

因此这就是它的第一个诱人之处,我们要回到十九世纪,去研究一个介于两者之间的市场,那个年代大多数市场都只有两家公司

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

In one model we thought of the firms setting quantities and the market determining prices, and here we have the firms setting prices and the market determining quantities, but the basic underlying economic structure of this is very, very similar.

在前一个模型我们假设公司设定产量,而市场决定价格,在本模型中我们假设公司设定价格,而市场决定产量,但基本的经济结构是非常,非常相似的

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

In fact, the outcome here, this equilibrium here is for all intents and purposes, the same equilibrium we would have had had there been thousands of firms in the market And had this been a perfectly competitive market.

实际上,这个结果,这个均衡适用于所有的目的和意图,我们将得到同样的均衡,即使市场上有数千的公司,即使这是个完全竞争市场

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

The point is that in this game in which firms competed in prices, even though there were only two firms in the market, only one firm more than monopoly, we get a dramatically different result than we had last time.

重点是这个公司进行价格竞争的博弈,尽管博弈中只有两家公司,仅仅比垄断情况下多了一家,我们得到了与上次完全不同的结果

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

This time, however, instead of setting quantities, instead of just deciding how much Coke and Pepsi to produce and spewing it out in the market and letting prices take care of themselves, this time the firms are going to set prices and let quantities take care of themselves.

这次不是规定产量,上次是确定,可口可乐和百事可乐的产量,运到市场上销售,并让价格自主的浮动,而这次,公司将要预先设定价格,并让产量自动调节

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选