Their autonomy was assisted by the continuing struggle between popes and Emperors, between church and state, again, a thoroughly unique Western experience.

他们的自治权是在君主和教皇的争斗中,国家与教堂的战争中促成的,这又是一次西方文明独特的经历

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选

So the emperors would try to call together councils to get them to agree on things. To get them to agree on doctrine, to get them to agree on the canon.

所以皇帝会把议会召集起来,让他们达成一致，达成共同的教义，共同的正典。

耶鲁公开课 - 新约课程节选

Strong enough to interfere with the ambitions of emperors and kings, it never was able to impose its own domination, though some of the Popes surely tried.

也无法与君主帝王的,雄心壮志相抗衡,宗教是无法统治一个国家的,一些教皇的努力也以失败告终

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选

Well, the people who the Romans called barbarians destroyed the Western empire and it also the destroyed the power of the emperors and their efforts to impose religious and political conformity under imperial control.

那么,被罗马人称作野蛮人的民族,摧毁了西方帝国的同时也摧毁了,君主权力,以及通过王权实施,政教合一的种种努力

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选

Christianity's main roots were in Judaism, a religion that worshipped a single, all powerful deity, who is sharply separated from human beings, makes great moral demands upon them, and judges them all, even kings and emperors.

基督的主要来源是犹太教,这种宗教崇拜单一的,无所不能的神,它独立于人类而存在,作出种种道德要求和评判,即使君主和帝王也不例外

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选