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If my opponent chooses Beta and I choose Alpha, I get 3; Beta, I get 1. Once again Alpha is better.
如果我对手选β,我选α我得3,选β我得1,也是选α好
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And once I know that she's going to choose Alpha, it's clear that I should choose Alpha and get 0 rather than Beta and get -3. So I should choose Alpha also.
一旦我意识到她会选α的时候,很显然我应该也选α来得到0单位效用,而不是选β只得到-3,所以我也选α
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many of you are showing irregular beta waves suggesting intense comprehension and great intellectual focus.
现在你们很多都是不规则的β波,表明理解力很高,思维很集中。
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One class of them is beta-blockers, they bind to beta-adrenergic receptors, which are receptors that exchange information between your nervous system and the contractile system that beats your heart and that causes the heartbeat.
一类药物是β阻断剂,它们与β肾上腺素受体结合,这种受体能够在神经系统和,控制心跳的心肌收缩系统之间传递信息,从而产生心跳
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The reason it's low is that we do have,what I think is, superior diversification and that really lowers the University's risk.
我认为耶鲁beta系数低的原因是,我们有卓越的多元化投资,这确实降低了耶鲁资产的风险
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If you put Beta and you're paired with Alpha, you'll get a C and your pair an A.
如果你选β你对手选α,你得C你对手得A
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And if I choose Beta and she chooses Alpha, then it's me who gets the C and it's her who gets the A.
如果我选β她选α,我得C而她得A
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And if I put Beta and she puts Alpha, then she gets an A.
如果我选β她选α 那么她得A
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So, for example, if you had chosen Beta and your pair had chosen Alpha, then you would get a C and your pair would get an A.
比如说你选了β而你的对手选了α,你会得到C而你的对手会得到A
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If I put Alpha and she put a Beta, I got an A, and if I put Beta and she put an Alpha, I got a C.
如果我选α她选β 我得A,如果我选β她选α 那么我得C
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Conversely, if I chose a Beta and my pair chooses an Alpha, so I end up with a C and she ends up with an A, then you know I have a bad time explaining to my parents why I got a C in this class, and I have to say about how I'm going to be president anyway.
相反如果我选β我对手选α,我得到C她得到了A,我回家后很难跟父母,解释为什么我只得到了C,然后我还得表示下雄心壮志
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So if I did reason that way, and chose Beta, I'm not going to affect your choice one way or the other.
所以就算我这么推理了我选了β,但这些不会影响你的选择和你的推理
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So Alpha in this case is better against Alpha, and Beta is better against Beta, but neither dominates each other.
所以对方选α时我应该也选α,她选β我也应该选β,这里没有优势策略
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If my opponent chooses Alpha and I choose Alpha, I get 0; Beta, I get -1. So Alpha would be better.
如果我对手选α我选α,我得0,选β我得-1,选α更好
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You had to choose grades, so you had to choose Alpha and Beta, and this table told us what outcome would arise.
大家通过选择α和β来确定各自的成绩,这个表格列出了可能的结果
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If the pair chooses Beta, then if she chooses Alpha she gets 3, Beta she gets 1, and 3 is bigger than 1.
如果她对手选β,她选α得到3,她选β得到1,3也比1大
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Alpha was dominant before--it dominated Beta before-- and it still dominates Beta. Let's just check.
是优势策略,β是劣势策略,在这里α依然优于β,我们来验证下
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So I could communicate with Alice on agreements, but back home I'm going to go ahead and choose Alpha anyway; all the better if she's choosing Beta.
所以我可以和爱丽丝说好了,但回家之后我还是可以选α的,要是她还选β那就更好了
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Now, it turns out that this game, this Prisoner's Dilemma, with the Alpha's and Beta's, or essentially the same game, has been played many, many, many times in experiments.
实际上,囚徒困境这个博弈,比如选择α和β,或者类似的博弈,在现实中进行过很多次实验
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So 236--I'm sorry 238--chose Alpha, and 36 chose Beta.
38人选α 36人选β
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All right and how many of you chose Beta?
多少人选了β?
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But if I choose Alpha and my pair chooses Beta, I get an A and she gets a C.
要是我选α我对手选β,我得A 她得C
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If I put Alpha and my pair puts Beta, then she gets a C.
如果我选α我对手选β,那么她得C
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It will be about the securities market line, about the beta, about the mutual fund theorem, and it will also be about institutions that we have--about investment companies and their management.
证券市场的风险线,beta系数,共同基金定律,还有当下的一些金融机构,包括投资公司,以及他们的管理
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If I choose Alpha and she chooses Alpha to get 0; Beta she gets -1. Alpha is better.
如果我选α,她选α她得0,选β她得-1,选α更好
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It's still I'm choosing Alpha and Beta, my pair is choosing Alpha and Beta, and the grades are the same as they were before.
还是我选α和β,我对手选α和β,成绩的评判和之前是一模一样的
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