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Even though the best response is pretty complicated-- and by the way, obviously the things are symmetric for Payer II.
虽然最佳对策是很复杂的,顺便说一下 选手2的情况也明显是这样
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Zero profits, I'll make zero profits, so that certainly is a best response, pricing at marginal cost as well.
零利润,我将没有利润,所以这确实是一个最佳对策,也定价在边际成本
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We said players should never play a strategy that's never a best response to anything, so we threw those away.
我们学到了参与人不应该选择,非最佳对策的策略,应该剔除它们
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I threw away all strategies that were never a best response, then I looked at the strategies that were left.
我剔除了非最佳对策的策略,然后我看看还剩下哪些策略
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Each of them is trying to play a best response for what they anticipate the other person's going to do.
每家公司都想采取预料的对方策略的,最佳对策来制定产量
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So what is this? This is Player 2's best response, so Player 1's best response to Player 2 producing half monopoly output.
这是什么,这是参与人2的最佳对策,即参与人1对于2半垄断产量的最佳对策
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So how do I do that? I want to find the best response. How do I do that?
我该怎么找出最佳产量呢
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So, in particular, what would be Player 1's best response if Player 2 didn't produce at all?
比如说,参与人2产量为0时1的最佳对策是什么
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I could do the same thing for Player 2 to find Player 2's best response for every possible choice of Player 1.
同理对于参与人2来说,可以算出参与人1不同策略的最佳对策
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The more I did of my strategy, the more the other player did as a best response.
我如果采用付出更多努力的策略,其他参与人的最佳对策也是这样
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So we have the monopoly quantity here, and we have the competitive here, and in between what does this best response curve look like?
这样我们就算出了垄断产出,还有完全竞争产出,二者之间的图线是什么样的呢
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You can check that both firms are then playing a best response, so that's all right.
你们可以验证,两家公司都进行了最佳对策,那是正确的
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Now, I think the best response on the part of the dualist to this reply is to distinguish two aspects of feelings, two aspects of emotions.
现在,我认为二元论者对这一答复的,最好回应,就是区分感受的两方面,情绪的两个方面
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Again, how much quantity would Firm 2 have to produce in order to induce Firm 1's best response to be 0?
重复一遍,公司2的产量是多少时,公司1的最佳对策是产量为0呢
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Now we're going to analyze this, no secret here, we're going to analyze this using the idea of best response.
毫无疑问,接下来,我们要用最佳对策的思想来分析了
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I go up to the green line and go across and this tells me the best response for Firm 2.
根据这条绿线的对应法则,就可以对应出公司2的最佳对策
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So I want to figure out the best response of Firm 1 as a function of the price chosen by Firm 2.
我想找出公司1的最佳对策,并用公司2价格的函数表示
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This was the best response of player 1 and this was the best response of Player 2.
这是参与人1的最佳对策,而这是参与人2的最佳对策
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Say it again: if everyone chose 1, then everyone's best response would be to choose 1, so that would be a Nash Equilibrium.
重复一下,如果每个人都选了1,那么每个人的最佳对策也就是1,这就会成为纳什均衡
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Good, so what I have here is an equation that tells me Player 1's best response for each possible choice of Player 2.
这个方程表示,参与人2不同策略下参与人1的最佳对策
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So last time we introduced a new idea and the new idea was that of best response.
上一讲我们引入了一个新概念,这个新概念就是最佳对策
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So I should cheat and pick the quantity on my best response line that's much farther out so I'll produce more than my quantity.
我会违约选择我最佳对策的产量,我会生产出远远多于协约量的产品来
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She's going to choose Alpha and my best response against Alpha is to choose Alpha myself.
她会选α,介于此情况,我最好也选α
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So here is the best response of Firm 1 to each possible choice of Firm 2.
这是公司2每种策略下公司1的最佳对策
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So if Firm 2 produces this amount then Firm 1's best response is this amount.
如果公司2的产量是这么多,那么公司1的最佳对策就是这个产量
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Let's think about Firm 2, is Firm 2 playing a best response to Firm 1?
我们从公司2的角度想一下,公司2针对公司1给出了最佳对策吗
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If you took a best response to some believe, you can say I took this action because I believed other people are going to do this.
如果你针对自己的信念做出了最佳对策,你就可以说,我是所以这么做,是因为我认为其他人会那么做
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Each of these firms, we know the fact that they're playing best response, is maximizing their profits taking as giving what the other firm is doing.
每家公司都会采取最佳策略,来根据对手的行为达到最大化利润
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If Firm 2 produces this amount then Firm 1's best response is this amount.
如果公司2的产量是这么多,那么公司1的最佳对策就是这个产量
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