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Last month,students from one hundred three universities in eighty-eight countries took part in an international computer programming contest.
VOA: special.2010.03.11
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Programming in this context boils down to telling the computer what to do.
在该环境下,编程是给计算机发出指令。
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I took a programming class and did okay in it.
我上过一次编程课，成绩也还可以。
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Today,Gordy Mengel is a Peace Corps programming and training officer in Rwanda.
VOA: special.2010.09.23
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Those nine hours are going to be primarily working on problem sets, and all the problems sets are going to involve programming in Python, which is the language we're going to be using this term Now, one of the things you're going to see is the first problem sets are pretty easy.
这九个小时会是问题,提出的基本锻炼，所有的问题提出,都将涵盖，我们这学期,将使用的Python语言的程序,现在，你们将要看见的,第一个问题的提出非常简单。
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Poland's speaker of parliament, Bronislaw Komorowski, became the country's interim head of state Saturday after Polish radio adjusted its regular programming to announce that President Lech Kaczynski and his wife Maria were among those killed in a plane crash in Western Russia.
VOA: standard.2010.04.10
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And this course in particular isn't at the end of the day about programming even though that is in fact how you will spend a good amount of your time and the skill that you will in fact walk away with.
尤其特别的是,这门课程最终的目标,不是教会你编程,尽管编程会花费你们大量的时间和精力。
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But I went away from political science because I realized that there are a lot of parallels between what you do in politics and what you do in government and writing policy and laws and what you do in programming.
但我放弃了政治学,因为我意识到,在政界和在政府里,编制政策和法律,和编程虽然非常相似。
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Now, when we talked about optimization problems in dynamic programming, I said there were two things to look for.
现在，当我们讨论,动态编程中的最优化问题时，我想说有两件事需要注意。
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And so you get to build your own special purpose programming language that helped you solve your problems in biology or finance or whatever,
你读过的类型都可以,所以你就可以让编程语言按照你的,特殊用途去解决你的生物学,财务或者任何类型的问题，
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So what is this all about? What is an object in object-oriented programming?
所以它到底是什么呢？,面向对象编程中的对象到底是什么呢？
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I give you a little animation that was implemented with this programming language in just a night called Raining Men.
这里有一个用这种语言编写的,叫做Raining，Men的小动画,我只用了一晚上就完成了编程。
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Now when the only types we're dealing with are the built-in types, the ones that came with the programming language, that doesn't really matter.
现在我们对付的数据类型,只有内置的数据类型,也就是编程语言固有的类型。
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A couple of really interesting consequences of that, by the way, one of them is, it says, anything you can do in one programming language you can do in another programming language.
一些真正有趣的后果是，顺便说一句，其中之一是，它说你在一种编程语言中,能做的事情,在另一种语言中也能做。
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We hand you a bunch of programming code that we wrote because this is very much the norm in the real world.
我们给你们一些我们自己写的代码,因为在现实世界中这都是非常正常的。
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And today nobody advocates a programming language that does not support it in some sort of way.
今天没有人会推荐一种,不支持面向对象编程的语言。
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So with the problems, that is where you really will get your hands dirty and truly immerse yourself in this world of computer science and programming.
带着这些问题，你就能深入研究,这真的可以使你沉浸到计算机科学,和编程世界中。
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Good programming style. All right? Things that we ought to do, as you put these pieces together in order to give you really good code.
优秀的编程风格，对不对？,为了得到真正优秀的代码,我们在把代码放到一起的时候。
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First of all, we don't have tapes anymore in computers and even if we did, you don't want to be programming at that level.
首先，我们不再在计算机里面用磁盘了,即使我们用，你不会想在这个阶段上编程。
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And this too is where the power of recursion comes in in a programming language.
这也是在编程语言中,对递归很有影响的一点。
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Pseudo code. Now, you're all linguistic majors, pseudo means false, this sounds like code that ain't going to run, and that's not the intent of the term. When I say pseudo code, what I mean is, I'm going to write a description of the steps, but not in a particular programming language.
伪代码，基于你们都是学语言的，伪代码意味着不正确,这听起来就像是没法运行的代码,这可不是我们学这个的目的，当我说到伪代码的时候,我的意思是要对步骤进行一个描述,而不是某种特定的编程语言。
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I was deciding between political science at the time and computer science because I have always been fascinated by cities and at some point want to maybe potentially go into government I'm still not quite sure if I have more effect there or more effect in programming.
我那时要在政治学和,计算机科学,中做出选择，因为,我一直为城市着迷,我潜意识里有些想去政府工作,我并不确定我以后在,政治上更有成就还是在编程上更有成就。
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In general, good programming style says you put in comments that are going to be valuable in helping you as a reader understand what's going on inside of the code.
通常来说，优秀的编码风格意味着,你要放进去的注释,在帮助代码阅读者,理解代码内部,是怎么工作的。
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So there's no programming. And in fact, we're not even going to ask you to hand it in.
实际上，我们甚至不会，让你把结果交上来。
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In dynamic programming, one of the things that's going on is we're trading time for space.
在动态编程法中我们是在用,空间换时间，除了动态编程法。
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So, an alternative to that that is incredibly common in just the programming world and in industry is to actually not write programs on your own personal computer but to actually write and run them on a server, someplace where the software is all standardized.
那么，在编程界和工业界普遍,使用的一个解决方案是,不在你自己的电脑上写程序,而是在服务器上编程运行，服务器上的软件都是标准化的。
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How many of you have heard the term used before? How may have you heard the term used before in terms of programming languages? Great. For the rest you, don't sweat it. This is a highfalutin term that computer scientists use to try and make them look like they're smarter than they really are.
这里就要引入递归的概念了,你们中有多少人以前听过这个词？,你们中有多少人在编程语言中,用过这个词？,很好，剩下的同学也不要担心,这是电脑科学家们用来让自己,显得更聪明的夸张词汇。
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As we talk about this, as people talk about this, in the context of our object-oriented programming, they typically will talk about it in terms of message pass, a message passing metaphor.
当我们讨论这个的时候，当人们讨论这个的时候,在面向对象编程的背景下它们往往会,被称为消息传递，也就是传递隐喻的消息。
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If history is any indication 72% of the people ; in the theater have no prior programming experience; despite what you may think and despite the fact that some of you may very well be thinking, odds are I know the least about computers than anyone in here, I'm actually a little scared of my computer.
以往的经验表明,大讲堂里72％的人没有任何编程经验;,不管你们怎么想,有些人可能现在就在考虑了，奇怪的是比起在座的各位，我最不了解计算机，我甚至有点怕我的电脑。
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Well, realize one of the themes in this course and really one of the themes in programming and solving any problem with a machine is going to be really to just take small bites one at a time out of these problems until the end result ultimately is that you've actually bitten off a fairly large fairly interesting problem and in the aggregate, you've actually implemented something pretty sophisticated.
好吧，让我们先想一下这件事带给我们的主题,编程和解决问题的思想,一台机器最开始只会一步一个脚印,沿着要解决的问题向前迈进,直到最终的结果出来,最后你会发现，你已经解决了一个相当大,相当有趣的问题，而这个问题在最初看起来确是相当复杂的。
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