It would allow businesses to buy licenses to emit greenhouse gases from other firms that use less energy.

VOA: standard.2009.05.30

The z effective is lower, so we have to put less energy in to get an ion out.

它的有效核电量更低，所以我们只需要更少的能量就能打出一个离子。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

Another way to say that it's going to be less, so you don't get confused with that the fact this is in the numerator here, there is that negative sign so it's less energy but it's a bigger negative number that gives us that less energy there.

另一个方式去说它将会变得很低实用，你们不用在这里的计算器的事实感到迷惑,这里有一个负号实用，它是更少的能量,但它是一个更大的数字,这里了它给了我们更少的能量。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

The disaster comes as Obama administration attempts to chart a course toward U.S.energy independence and less reliance on fossil fuels.

VOA: standard.2010.05.02

So there's less energy expanded by the system.

系统损失的能量也比较小。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

He said Russia will none-the-less continue to push for domestic energy efficiency and cuts in carbon emissions.

VOA: standard.2009.12.25

Its average valence electron energy is 5.2 electron volts, which is a heck of a lot less than 11.

它的平均价电子能是,5。2电子伏，那比11电子伏要少得多。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

"We say,find more American energy and use less--energy that is as clean as possible, as reliable as possible, and at as low a cost as possible.

VOA: standard.2009.04.25

The reason it's aluminum is because aluminum has a lower z effective, so it's not being pulled in as tightly by the nucleus, and if it's not being pulled in as tightly, you're going to have to put in less energy in order to ionize it, so that's why it's actually going to have the smaller ionization energy.

原因是,铝的有效核电量更少，所以没有被原子核束缚得更紧，而如果没有被束缚得更紧，你为了电离它所需要注入的能量也就更少，这就是,它的电离能会更低的原因。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

Alexander said the Obama administration's proposed subsidies for solar, wind and agricultural energy development will not make much difference, since those forms of energy provide less than two percent of America's electricity.

VOA: standard.2009.04.25

So, if we have energy that's released, would you say that the chlorine ion is more or less stable than the chlorine atom?

那么，如果我们放出了能量，你认为氯离子比氯原子,更稳定还是更不稳定呢？

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

But we see if we have a free electron, as we do in this dotted line here, that's going to be a higher energy that's less stable.

但是我们看到如果,我们有一个自由电子，就像虚线所示那样，那将会是一个较高的,不够稳定的能量。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

And the glitch that doesn't make sense just through periodic trends, is that it turns out that the ionization energy of boron is actually less than the ionization energy up beryllium.

仅仅考虑周期性规律,是无法理解这个问题的，这里显示硼的电离能,实际上比铍的要小。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So, if we want to go from that stable state to that less stable state, we need to put in a certain amount of energy to our system, that difference between the free electron and the electron bound to the metal.

所以，如果我们想使电子,从稳态到达不够稳定的状态，我们需要引入一定数量的,能量到系统中，即自由电子和束缚于金属的,电子的能量差。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So in other words a very low energy is what we're going to have when we talk about the orbitals -- the energy of the 2 s orbital is going to be less than the energy of the 2 p orbital.

换句话说一个非常低的能量,是我们将会得到的当我们谈论轨道时,2s轨道的,能量比2p轨道,的能量低。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选