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(OMITTED) He says earthquakes are natural events, but if homes were built properly, the L'Aquila quake would not have been so devastating.
VOA: standard.2010.04.06
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Angular nodes, we're not going to have any of those, we'll have zero, l equals 0, so we have zero angular nodes.
角向节点，当然,是没有的，０个，ｌ等于０，所以是０个角向节点。
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Like, it's harder to get around L.A. because you have to drive everywhere and I really don't like driving.
想要在洛杉矶游玩要比在纽约困难，因为无论去哪都要自己开车，而我确实不喜欢开车。
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Whereas CS50 is not nearly as popular a library in the world, -lcs50 and so you'll have to explicitly say dash L CS50.
但是CS50库就没那么出名了，所以你必须在后面清清楚楚地添上。
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So here we have 3 minus l equals 0, because it's an s orbital, minus 1, so we have two radial nodes here.
这里我们有３减去ｌ等于０,因为这是ｓ轨道，减去１,我们有两个径向节点。
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So I'm not even willing to use the L words in describing what it is we have." Right?
甚至不愿意,用爱来表达我们之间的关系？
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Let's have a little review of the career of the great poet Orpheus as we get it certainly in L'Allegro and Il Penseroso.
让我们看看伟大诗人俄耳甫斯的经历,这在《快乐的人》和《沉思的人》中都有所提及。
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n l m s Once we have chosen a certain mix of n, l, m and s, it is used once for that particular atom.
一旦我们选定了一组量子数，它就只能被一个固定原子所有。
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You'll notice that a lot of different kinds medications do you have chlorine in them, you'll see that c l group.
你会注意到很多不同类型的药物都含有氯,你会看到这类氯。
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So, first, if I point out when l equals 0, when we have an s orbital, what you see is that angular part of the wave function is equal to a constant.
首先，如果ｌ等于０,那就是ｓ轨道，你们可以看到,它波函数的角度部分是一个常数。
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It turns out there's a new function strlen S-T-R-L-E-N that you probably have not used yet called strlen, S-T-R-L-E-N, programmers early on and still like to be succinct but communicates sufficiently what they mean.
结果这里有个新的函数,你可能没有使用过，叫做，早期的和现在的程序员喜欢简洁地,但是能充分的传达他们的意思。
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So that means it's not possible, if we've made these stipulations in the first place, to have a case where l equals 1.
这说明我们之前的假设,ｌ等于１不可能的。
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No, we can't. Because if l equals 1, we can not have m sub l equal negative 2, right, because the magnetic quantum number only goes from negative l to positive l here.
不行，因为如果ｌ等于１,ｍｌ的值不可能等于－２，对吧，因为磁量子数的值,这时只能从－１到１
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Yup, so one total node, 2 minus 1 is 1, and that means since l is equal to 1, we have one angular nodes, and that leaves us with how many radial nodes?
一个节点，２减去１等于１,因为ｌ等于１,我们有一个角向节点，那剩下径向节点有多少个呢？
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PROFESSOR: OK. We can have n 4, l 3, and then, sure, we can have m sub l equal negative 2 if l equals 3 What's the second value of l that we can have?
教授：嗯，我们有ｎ４，ｌ３,然后我们有ｍｌ等于－２，如果ｌ等于３,ｌ可以有的第二个值是多少？
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If we have n equals 4, what is the highest value of l that we can have?
如果ｎ等于４,ｌ的最大值是多少？
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And when we talk about angular nodes, the number of angular nodes we have in an orbital is going to be equal to l.
当我们谈到角向节点时，一个轨道的,角向节点数等于ｌ
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All right. So, when we have, for example, l equal to 1, what kind of orbital is this?
好，例如，当我们有l等于1时，轨道是哪种类型的？
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l l So what you can do for a 1 s is just take 1 minus 1 and then l is equal to 0, so you have zero radial nodes.
它等于1减去,是等于0的，所以没有节点，这和我们看到的是相符的。
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What about l equals 1, can we have this?
那如果ｌ等于１呢，这个可以有吗？
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So this means we can only have 2 different values of l.
这就意味着我们只有２个不同的ｌ值。
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So we could have five values of m sub l.
所以它可以取5个值。
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And when we're talking about orbitals in the same state, what we find is that orbitals that have lower values of l can actually penetrate closer to the nucleus.
当我们谈论在相同态的轨道时,轨道事实上，我们发现的,是具有较低l值的,可以穿越到距离原子核更近的地方。
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For an angular node, we're just talking about what the l value is, so whatever l is equal to is equal to the number of angular nodes you have.
对于角向节点，我们其实就是在讨论l，的值是多少，因此不管，l，的值等于几,它就等于你所有的角向节点的数目。
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How many bonding electrons does c l have? All right. Let's see, we've got a mixed response here, it turns out it has two bonding electrons.
氯有多少成键电子？好，让我们来看看，大家的回答不太一致，结果应该是两个成键电子。
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l Stupid convention, but you have to do dash L and then the name of the library.
还是规定，必须先写,再跟上库的名称。
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And then if we think about 3 s, 0 we want to start with 3, we subtract 1, again l is equal to 0, so minus and we have two radial nodes.
我们从3开始，减去，同样的l等于，所以减去0，我们有两个节点，这应该。
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So if we have a 3 d orbital, we're talking about n minus l minus 1, what is n equal to? What is l equal to?
如果我们有一个3d轨道，我们用ｎ减去ｌ减去１,ｎ等于多少？ｌ等于多少？
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So, our next level up that we can go is going to be the n equals 2 energy level, but we also have an l and an m value, 0 so our lowest l is going to be a there.
所以下一个能量,是n等于2的能级，但我们还有l和m的值，所以我们最低的l等于。
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So if we say that l is just talking about our kinetic energy part, our rotational kinetic energy, and we know that electrons have potential energy, then it makes sense that l, in fact, can never go higher than n.
如果我们说，l仅仅是,描述动能项，我们的旋转动能，我们知道，电子有势能，所以可以理解，l不能比n高。
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