However,each time a plant takes in one molecule of carbon dioxide gas, it loses hundreds of water molecules.

VOA: special.2010.01.26

While these gas molecules or atoms through first approximation, are like hard spheres.

可以看做刚性小球,每一个分子会占据。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

If we have too much gas in here, in other words, if the gas is at too high a pressure, the collisions with the gas molecules will consume the energy of the electrons and, again, we will see nothing.

假设这里有过多气体，换句话说，如果气体处在一个高压状态下，气体分子间的碰撞将会消耗,电子的能量，同样，什么也没有。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

Higher entropy basically because you're forming molecules of gas where there weren't any before, and there's more disorder in the gas phase than in the liquid. That is, the gas phase molecules have more freedom to roam.

高的熵是因为,我们产生了以前不存在的气体分子,气体的无序程度比液体大，换句话说,气相的分子，有更多的到处游荡的自由度。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

You don't have gas molecules consisting of thousands of atoms.

并没有这样的气体分子,它们是由成千上万的原子组成。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

It means that the molecules or the atoms and the gas don't know about each other.

气体分子本身的体积,可以忽略不计。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

The atoms or molecules in the gas don't know that there are other atoms and molecules in the gas, and then you end up with this universal property. All right, so gases that have this universal property, even when the pressure is not zero, those are the ideal gases.

可以忽略,这样就得到了理想气体的性质,在有限压强下,依然能保持这些性质的气体，被称为理想气体，本课中我们把大部分气体，都作为理想气体来处理。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

And then V minus the excluded volume term is equal to RT. Two parameters, this is the attraction between two atoms or molecules in the gas phase.

以及V减去一个排斥项,等于RT，两个参数，这是气体状态下两个原子,或者分子之间的吸引力。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

If z is greater than 1, then the real gas means that the atoms and molecules in the real gas are repelling each other and wants to have a bigger volume.

如果Z大于,说明实际气体的分子间斥力较强,体积比理想气体要大,我们可以查表找到。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选