That ratio may have been higher in the nineteenth century; it's gradually trending down, but it's a slow-moving thing.

在19世纪这个比率要高一些,然后逐渐下降,但这是个缓慢变化的过程

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

You see the radius is high and then it falls.

你看到半径是高的，然后下降。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

That little J shaped curve is explained primarily by cigarette smoking because that keeps weight down in people, it also makes people sick so that their weight gets low because of that, and it explains the high rates of the disease risk there.

这个小J形曲线主要是由吸烟引起的,因为吸烟一方面能让体重降低,另一方面也引起疾病,疾病让人们的体重下降,这也解释了这里的高患病风险

耶鲁公开课 - 关于食物的心理学、生物学和政治学课程节选