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You can start from one nucleus and go to the next nucleus, and there are no zero planes, no nodes, nothing.
你可以从一个核出发,看向另一个核，中间没有零平面，没有节点，什么也没有。
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We looked at pressure change before, actually, in discussing the third law, the fact that the entropy goes to zero as the absolute temperature goes to zero for a pure,perfect crystal.
在讨论热力学第三定律的时候，我们讨论过压强变化,即对于纯净的完美晶体,随着温度下降到绝对零度熵也变成零。
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So, the wave function at all of these points in this plane is equal to zero, so therefore, also the wave function squared is going to be equal to zero.
因此这里的,波函数平方也等于零，如果我们说在这整个平面上,任何地方找到一个ｐ电子的概率都是零。
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When does it hit the ground" is "When is y=0"?
何时落地"也就是"何时位移为零"
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It's not even a zero-- or rather if I have less, you'll have less- that's a negative sum game-- or a zero sum game-- if I have more, you'll have less- it's a fixed pie.
甚至不是一个零…,或者我更少，你也会更少，那也是负和游戏-,或零和游戏，我更多，你就会更少-,饼就那么大。
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Actually, you can't say what the share price is because there are zero shares and they have a zero price, so the value of the price per share is zero over zero and you can't define it.
实际上你并不能确定它的股价多少,因为股数为零,其市值也为零,所以每股价值就是,零除以零,无法计算
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And we saw that, you saw that the Joule coefficient for an ideal gas was zero.
我们会发现，你们也会发现,理想气体的焦耳系数是零。
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It could be zero. It could be something else.
它可以是零，也可以不是零。
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That's the point where velocity is 0.
也就是速度为零的点
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Anything else, which is to say any spontaneous process, it'll be less than zero.
其它任何情况下，也就是任何自发过程，都将小于零。
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but right now you're going to have to take it for granted. So, if the Joule-Thomson coefficient is equal to zero, just like we wrote, du = Cv dT du = Cv dT for an ideal gas, we're going to dH = Cp dT have dH = Cp dT for an ideal gas as well.
但是现在请你们应该把它看成理所当然的,所以，如果焦耳-汤姆逊系数等于零,就像我们写的，对于理想气体,我们也可以得到对于理想气体。
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As T2 goes to zero, the cold reservoir, then this goes to zero and our efficiency approaches one.
是当T2达到零，也就是低温热源，达到零度的时候,效率可以达到一。
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And so, we can immediately write this du and then we can write du for the universe, which is system plus surroundings is equal to zero.
因此，我们可以立刻写出这个等式,然后可以写出总的的，也就是系统加环境的du，等于零。
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I expect that if I add -A to A, I should get the guy who plays the role of 0 in this world, which is the vector of no length.
我希望如果用 -A 加上 A,应该得到一个零矢量,也就是一个没有模长的矢量
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du/dV under constant temperature was equal to zero for an ideal gas. And by analogy, we expect the same thing to be true here, because enthalpy and energy have all this analogy going on here. So let's look at an ideal gas.
偏U偏V在恒温下等于零,可以类比，我们希望在这里也一样，因为焓和能量有很强的类比性，让我们看看理想气体,【理想气体】
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So in this experiment here, delta p is less than zero. You need to have this whole thing greater than zero. So delta T is less than zero as well. So if you're below the inversion temperature and you do the Joule-Thomson experiment, you're going to end up with something that's colder on this side than that side.
所以在这个实验中，Δp小于零,这全部都大于零,因此ΔT也小于零,所以如果在低于转变,温度的情况下做焦耳-汤姆孙实验,最后的结果是,这边的温度比这边低。
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Last time we reach the third law which is telling us that we can't quite get to zero degrees Kelvin .but that as the temperature approaches zero degrees Kelvin, the absolute entropy of a pure substance in perfect crystalline form is zero.
上次课我们得到了热力学第三定律,这个定律告诉我们我们无法,达到0K的温度,但是在我们接近绝对零度的过程中，以完美晶体形式存在的纯物质的绝对熵,也趋向于零。
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