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Northern Rock, which was a building society in the United Kingdom, had a sudden bank run in September 2007.
北岩银行,是英国的一家建屋互助会,在2007年9月突然出现银行挤兑
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We had a run on a bank in the UK, it was called Northern Rock, last year.
去年,英国的,北岩银行遭到挤兑
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So there was a big bank run and Northern Rock would have failed if the Bank of England hadn't come by to rescue them.
从而出现挤兑狂潮,若非英格兰银行施以援手,北岩银行恐怕早就倒闭了
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They thought they had the system solved, but then they had a bank run last year.
他们认为已经系统性解决了挤兑问题,但去年却又出现了银行挤兑
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What we have--we have a problem that there can be a systemic problem to fractional reserve banking if there is ever a run on the banking system.
我们面临着一个问题,如果出现银行挤兑,部分准备金制度会,导致系统性的问题
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That was to protect depositors in the case of bank failure and it was a very important innovation because, at that time, there were huge runs on banks.
以保护储户在银行破产中免受损失,该机构的成立是个创举,因为那段时期,银行遭到挤兑
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This was the first bank run in the U.K. Since 1866.
这是英国1866年来首次银行挤兑现象
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They thought bank runs were a thing of the past.
他们还以为银行挤兑是过去才发生的事儿
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Banks still are vulnerable to bank runs because they still have deposits so the system is still vulnerable and therefore the Federal Reserve has a set of reserve requirements.
银行仍然对银行挤兑敏感,因为它们仍然有存款,所以这个系统还是比较脆弱的，因此,联邦储备金有一系列的法定准备金率。
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This was a tremendous embarrassment to the Bank of England and Mervyn King, who was a very good governor of the Bank of England; but this apparently took him by surprise.
这使英格兰银行及其行长金默文,陷入窘迫境地,虽然他曾是英格兰银行非常杰出的管理者,但这次挤兑显然出乎他的预料
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Capital is the money that they have to pay out should there be a -its assets that they can quickly liquefy and pay out should there be a run on the bank.
资本金就是他们可以,用作偿付的现金,当...,这是当出现挤兑时,银行可以迅速,变现并且用作支付款项的资产
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The U.S. Federal Reserve System was really a copy of the Bank of England thinking that, well, the Bank of England managed to prevent bank runs for all these years, let's create the Fed, which we'll talk about again later.
美国联邦储备制度,就是模仿英格兰银行而建立的,试想一下,由于英格兰银行在预防,银行挤兑方面一直都很成功,所以美国就效仿建立联邦储备,后面的课程再讲美联储
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In fact, the United Kingdom has been an international model for preventing bank runs because the Bank of England would always lend to a bank that was in trouble in order to keep them out of the problem.
事实上,英国一直是全球,预防银行挤兑的模范,因为英格兰银行总会借款,给陷入危机的银行以确保它们脱离险境
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If banks get in trouble and they can't pay out -if one bank gets in trouble and can't pay out on its deposits, then that can bring the whole system down because it can cause a panic among investors -among depositors and banks -and create a run on a bank.
如果银行出现问题而且他们无法支付...,如果一家银行出现问题,并且无法支付提取的存款,那么这就会使得整个系统崩溃,因为这会在投资者中引起恐慌...,在存款人和银行中引起恐慌,并且造成银行挤兑
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