But, because of the logic of risk management we have to make a deal with them; so, it becomes more formal and impersonal.
但是,基于风险管理的逻辑,我们必须和他们达成协议;,使分摊正规化而不受主观情绪的影响。
and a lot of the framework of the international conventions that have come down is,
还有各国达成的一系列国际协议的框架,
In practice, when firms try and have these agreements, which are not contracts, to try and produce joint monopoly output, what else goes wrong?
现实中,公司想要达成这样的协议,而非合同,想要维持垄断产量,还会遇到什么问题呢
After the French Revolution and Napoleon, and Napoleon makes peace with the church, there is,all of a sudden, a revival with people forming religious confraternities, of people paying to rebuild churches that have been vandalized during the Revolution, where they're melting down church bells to use as cannon and things like that.
在法国大革命和拿破仑时代,与教会达成和解协议之后,突然间,出现了宗教团体的复兴,人们斥资重建那些,在大革命中被肆意毁坏的教堂,当时人们把教堂大钟熔化了,去造大炮之类的东西
The wording is slightly different in all the indentures, but in general, we've settled eight or nine cases; companies sort of agreed and we negotiated a settlement.
在所有的行业里,用语只会有细微的差别,但是总的来说,我们已经解决了八个或九个案子;,公司们似乎也同意我们的观点然后跟我们达成了协议。
Well, one thing that goes wrong is that suppose Coke and Pepsi were able to either to write a contract or whatever to sustain joint monopoly output at this high price, this price which is actually producing positive profits in the industry it is going to turn out, therefore the price is going to be above costs.
我来说吧,问题出在这里了,假设可口可乐和百事达成了协议,不管签的是协议还是合同,只要能通过协约维持垄断产出,通过制定高价来达到正的利润就行,这样价格是高于成本的
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