The first barricades, by the way, were built in Paris in the late sixteenth century, so there's a long tradition.

顺便说一下,第一个街垒,是十六世纪末在巴黎建造的,这对巴黎是一个悠久的传统

耶鲁公开课 - 1871年后的法国课程节选

944, August, we jump ahead, the boulevard, the barricades are across the same streets where they were in many cases in 1792 and in 1789.

好了,我们现在先跳转到一九四四年八月的大道,大道上都有建好的街垒,就像一七九二年和一七八九年的情况一样

耶鲁公开课 - 1871年后的法国课程节选

I'll do this again, not this whole lecture but that part again-- and he did it because you can't build barricades across boulevards, wide ones.

就这个部分,我会再讲一遍的,他如此做的另一个原因是,在这种宽大的街道上是无法建造街垒的

耶鲁公开课 - 1871年后的法国课程节选

And, so, you've got all these cannons that you just saw before, and you've got--they still have their uniforms and they build these huge barricades.

他们有你们之前所见的加农炮,还有就是,他们依旧身着制服,另外还造了很多街垒

耶鲁公开课 - 1871年后的法国课程节选

And the problem, in 1968 it was very hard to build a barricade across the Boulevard St. Michel, which was built by Hausmann at this time.

而在一九六八年,在圣米歇尔大道上,构筑街垒都是很困难的,那条大道就是豪斯曼建造的

耶鲁公开课 - 1871年后的法国课程节选

Here, you've got your basic barricade-- and these things are torn up, these are where trees came out of, as in 1968; and here's your sort of kiosk of modernity, somebody selling newspapers on these boulevards, or near these boulevards, and here's some of these people.

这个就是标准版街垒,这些东西后来都被毁掉了,这些树从中间长了出来,那是一九六八年了,这是一些现代的亭子,曾有一些人在这些街道或附近,售卖报纸,这些就是当时卖报的人

耶鲁公开课 - 1871年后的法国课程节选

And you could build barricades across smaller streets, but not across big boulevards, and that was part of the rebuilding of Paris in the 1850s and '60s, more about that in a minute and much more about that later, because it's fascinating; at least, I think it's fascinating.

但街垒只适用于小巷,对于大路就不那么适用了,修街垒也算是巴黎十九世纪五六十年代重建的一部分,这个问题我们以后再谈,因为它引人入胜,至少我觉得如此

耶鲁公开课 - 1871年后的法国课程节选