-
But what the Greeks spent most of their time doing was fighting each other, one hoplite phalanx against another hoplite phalanx.
但是希腊人在大部分时间里都是方阵对抗,一个步兵方阵和另外一个步兵方阵对垒
-
The hoplite has two weapons of which the most important by far is a pike, I guess, is what we would call it.
重装步兵有两种武器,其中最重要的是长矛,我猜我们一般都这么称呼这玩意的
-
And following the last plague, Pharaoh finally allows the Israelites to go into the desert to worship their God but he quickly changes his mind, and he sends his infantry and his chariots in hot pursuit of the Israelites and they soon find themselves trapped between the Egyptians and something referred to as Yam Suph, meaning Reed Sea.
最后一次瘟疫，法老终于允许,犹太人进入沙漠中去崇拜上帝,但是他很快改变了主意,他派他的步兵和骑兵去追赶犹太人,但不久便发现他们被困在埃及和,和Yam，Suph之间。
-
Here's a hoplite standing like this, and when he comes into contact with the opposing army, he will presumably strike down in this way.
这儿有个重步兵这样站着,当在战场中遭遇敌人时,他应该会这样刺下去
-
So if you're fighting a non-hoplite infantry crowd, you're in great shape.
所以如果你和非方阵的步兵群战斗,你就能保持队形
-
It's a core of heavily armed infantrymen in a solid block.
是以重型装甲步兵为核心组成的坚固方阵
-
The Persian infantry did not have heavy armor, they did not have that kind of a shield, they had wicker shields; fortunately, we have vase paintings that show us Persians.
波斯步兵没有重装甲,他们没有那种盾,他们只有藤条盾,很幸运,我们找到了展示波斯人图景的花瓶
-
The style of warfare that emerges in this period, apparently for the first time, is what we call the hoplite phalanx and each half of that needs to be explained.
显然,这个时期第一次出现了,一种独特的战争形式,那就是重步兵方阵,我来给大家分别解释下这两个词
-
Basically, the Greeks couldn't pursue very hotly with infantry.
希腊步兵没有办法紧追敌人
-
A hoplite only makes sense in a phalanx.
重装步兵是为了方阵才存在的
-
So seriously, you fortunate Yalies, that they will be here on April 9 and 10 of 2008, an international conference on the subject of the hoplite phalanx and the emergence of the city state.
你们这些幸运的耶鲁学生们,2008年4月9日到10日将会看到,关于重步兵方阵和城邦起源话题的,国际会议
-
You can't fight as a hoplite, in other words, unless you can afford to pay for your equipment and that excludes a goodly number of citizens who are too poor to fight in the phalanx.
换句话说,你不能加入步兵方阵,除非你自己能出钱买装备,这样有相当多的公民,会因为贫穷无法在方阵中战斗
-
You know, one famous tactic is--if you have an infantry force coming forward, you send tanks in it to break up the line of the infantry, so that you can defeat the infantry in that way.
最有名的战术是,如果有敌方步兵逼近,你把坦克派过去,破坏他们的步兵阵型,以这种策略对付步兵
-
Okay, thank you very much hoplites.
谢谢你们,重装步兵们
-
The classical hoplite formation then was not the long lived military institution of scholarly tradition, but merely one phase in a history of almost four centuries of slow change towards ever denser and more cohesive heavy infantry formations."
这种方阵的形成,并不是经过长期传承的传统军事制度,只是步兵阵型演变的一个阶段,战阵逐渐向更加紧密坚固的步兵阵型转化,而这个变化持续了约有四个世纪"
-
The hoplite himself is marked by, first of all, the shield and second of all, as we continue to think about his defensive capacities, he has a certain amount of armor to protect his body.
重装步兵的标志,首先就是盾牌,其次,和我们将要说到的防御力有关,就是士兵的身体有一定程度的护甲保护
-
Here's one, "It is clear that the emergence of the hoplite was only the beginning of a lengthy process which certainly lasted more than a century, and may have lasted more than two centuries, leading to the creation of a close ordered hoplites only phalanx.
他说道,"很显然重装步兵的出现,仅仅是漫长战争史的开端,持续了多达一个世纪,甚至可能超过两个世纪,漫长的战争造就了列阵严整的重步兵方阵
-
If you use hoplites, your state will be, what he calls a Politea, a moderate regime.
以重步兵作为主力的,一定是宪制城邦,一种折衷的政体
-
Most Greek states, just as they never moved beyond the hoplite style of fighting, never go beyond the oligarchical style of constitution which gives only hoplites political rights in the state.
大多数希腊城邦,从未超越过步兵方阵的作战方式,也从未超越过寡头统治的政体,只有在这样的政体下,步兵才有政治权利
-
So, I would like to ask for some volunteer hoplites.
所以,我需要一些志愿者来扮演重装步兵
-
So that is what we mean by the hoplite phalanx.
这就是我们所说的重步兵方阵的含义
-
Now, get into your hoplite stance, left foot forward.
好的,大家摆好重步兵的姿势,左脚在前
-
That's what you need for a phalanx, because to maintain the integrity of the hoplite line, you can't have bumps and grooves, and trees and rivers in the way; it will break things up.
而是方阵作战所必备的条件,为了维持重装步兵队列的完整性,就不能在坑坑洼洼,有树林有河流的地方布阵,这会把方阵打散
-
Although I don't quite understand--I should say, there's many things about how the fighting went on which we can only attempt to imagine because we just don't have films of ancient hoplite battles, I'm sorry to say.
虽然我有时也很困惑,比如说,战场上瞬息万变,情况非常复杂,由于没有古代重步兵白刃战的影像资料,我们只能猜想战场上发生了什么,真的是很遗憾
-
I'm going to start out today's talk by giving you what has been the standard and orthodox interpretation of how the hoplite phalanx worked, which, I think, again Hanson has given us the clearest and most useful account.
我们今天所要讲解的,是对重装步兵方阵是如何运行,这一景象最标准最正统的阐释,我觉得,汉森给了我们一个,最清晰,最实用的解释
-
So, if you imagine this is growing up as the polis comes into being, let me describe what a hoplite was like and then try to describe what the phalanx was like and how they operated and what are some of the consequences of their coming into being.
假设该战术是随城邦的形成而发展起来的,那就让我来描述一下,重装步兵的组成,方阵的组成及其运作方式,包括该战术发展起来之后所产生的影响
应用推荐