We know what prejudice has wrought historically and socially, so how can we try to vindicate it in this way?
偏见对历史对社会都发生了作用,所以我们如何证明偏见是正确的呢?
that you know it's not going to happen or you know it's not useful to do.
你知道这事没发生的可能,或者这么做并不会起到什么作用。
Remember that these cells are relatively large compared to bacteria and so diffusion doesn't occur very quickly over this length scale.
要知道这些细胞相对细菌而言,还是比较大的,扩散作用在这种尺度上,发生得不是那么快
How can it activate the rules of a language from within and thus give rise to the designs which are properly own--its own?"
它又是如何使语言的规则发生作用,并且导致适当的属于自己的设计的?,“
What happens is you become sensitive to a cue that an event is about to happen and that allows you to prepare for the event.
经典条件作用使得你对预示着,即将发生之事的提示线索变得敏感,这使得你能够为即将发生的事件作好准备。
Even though the signs of the enthalpy changed, and the signs of the entropy changed because it's a combination of the two that matters.
即使自由焓的符号发生变化,熵的符号也会发生变化,因为这两部分都起作用。
So, we can think about the different kinds of interactions that are taking place.
我们可以来想一想,其中可能发生的各种相互作用。
When you've got a view about cause and effect that works this way-- for everything that happens, there's some earlier thing that caused it to happen such that given that earlier cause, the event had to follow-- that's a deterministic picture.
当你认为因和果,是以这种方式互相作用的,对于所发生的一切,总有些事先发生,然后它们导致这些事发生,于是一旦给定了前因,这些后果必定会接着发生,这是一个决定论的图景
It does that through a complex set of sort of cellular interactions, and it turns out also gene rearrangements if you go further to study that.
而这此过程中,发生了一系列复杂的细胞间的相互作用,也会涉及到基因重排,如果你们深入学习的话就会学到
So, this all seems a very technical phenomena related to animals and the like but it's easy to see how it generalizes and how it extends.
经典条件作用似乎是关于动物的,科学现象,但其实典条件作用发生,及其相关概念都简单易懂。
That infection occurs because of a ligand receptor interaction on the cell surface where the virus itself is the ligand and it takes advantage of a receptor that's expressed on the cell surface.
感染的发生是由于,配体与细胞表面受体相互作用,病毒是配体,它利用了在,细胞表面表达的受体
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