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He wants to replace that with a new kind of, I want to call it rational citizenship, philosophical citizenship.
他想要以一种,新型态取而代之，我称之为理性的公民社会，达观的公民社会。
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The modern state, as we have come to understand it, is based upon the separation of civil society from governing authority.
我们所了解的现代国家，是根据,区隔公民社会与统治当局的角度来看。
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So within a couple of generations people could move up from being the lowest slaves to two generations of being free Roman citizens.
所以几代以内,奴隶能从最低社会等级,上升两位，成为自由的罗马公民。
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Our society is those people. They are the citizens, they are the consumers, and they are the workforce.
社会是有人组成的，他们便是公民，他们是消费者，他们是生产力，那么我们应该。
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Many laws try to promote the virtue of citizens or try to give expression to the moral values of the society as a whole.
很多法律试图提高公民的品德,或者试图树立,整个社会的道德标准。
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You cannot truly achieve what you want and need as a human being without being an active and loyal citizen of this great community which you need to achieve what you want in life.
在这个你必须有所作为的庞大社会中,如果你并非一个积极且虔诚的公民,那么你就无法真正实现,你的所需和所求
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The point he's trying to make is there are several kinds of regimes and therefore several kinds of citizenship appropriate to them.
他试图讲述的论点是有数种,政体的存在，所以也有数种,适合它们的公民社会。
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All right, so an elected government can conscript citizens to go out and defend the way of life, the community that makes the enjoyment of rights possible?
好的，所以说民选政府是可以征召公民,上战场为了他们的生活而战的，使得社会能够继续享有这些权利吗？
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Socrates tells us repeatedly that justice in the city consists of each member, each citizen fulfilling his task in the social division of labor, in the social hierarchy.
苏格拉底不断地告诉我们,城市正义的组合,是每一位成员，每一位公民都善尽,他们在社会劳动分工，或说是社会阶层中的职责。
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Citizenship seems to require even the public sphere,the public realm.
公民社会似乎需要,谈到公共领域，公共范畴。
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How can a citizen, how can this new kind of citizenship ? that he is proposing, how can any kind of citizenship be devoted ? just to private matters and not public?
公民如何，他所提的这种,新公民社会如何，任何一种公民社会,如何仅专注在私人事件而非公共事务上？
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But this raises, I think, the central or a central point about Socratic citizenship or Socrates' view of citizenship, this kind of principled disobedience to the law, something like Thoreau's model of civil disobedience.
但这产生了，一个中心的观点,关于苏格拉底式的公民社会,或是苏格拉底对公民社会的看法，这种原则性的反抗法律，有点像梭罗的,公民反抗模式。
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The city and soul analogy could be seen then as an attempt to understand how societies reproduce themselves, and how they shape citizens who again in turn shape the societies in which they inhabit.
城市与灵魂的比拟,可以视为是尝试了解,社会如何自我复制，及形塑公民,后者相对地,也在形塑他们所居住的社会。
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And furthermore from that, let's say they survive and then they become productive members of society who go home and start like a million charity organizations and this and that and this and that.
此外，假定他们活了下来,回家以后成为对社会更加有益的公民,比如创建了无数的慈善机构,或者诸如此类的。
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Aristotle went on to say that the justice needed to control this dark side of human nature can be found only in a well ordered society of free people who govern themselves, and the only one that he knew was the Polis of the Greeks.
亚里士多德还说过,正义需要用来,控制人性的丑恶面,只有在公民自治的秩序井然的,社会里才能找得到正义,他所知道的这样的社会就是希腊城邦
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