一旦能量不同，那么当然我们需要考虑，它们的波耳兹曼常数。
As soon as the energies are different, then of course we need to account for all those Boltzmann factors.
这意味着，配分函数，是带波耳兹曼常数的各项之和。
And what that means is, in the partition function, which is a sum over all these terms with these Boltzmann factors.
马克思·威尔指出光是种电磁波，其在真空中的传播速度是个常数c。
Maxwell showed that light was a vibration in the electromagnetic field, and that it travelled at a constant speed, c, in a vacuum.
利用瞬态波的脉冲入射信号以及脉冲响应对损伤混凝土介质的材料常数（损伤度）进行反演，研究反演理论和反演计算方法。
The inverse theories and calculated methods of the material constant (damage degree) of damaged concrete media are studied using both of incident impulse signal and received impulse response.
所得结果表明，在一般情况下耦合系数并非是常数，而是与波的传播距离有关的函数。
The obtained expression indicates that in the general condition the coupling coefficient is not a constant, but is a function associated with the travelling distances of the waves.
评价吸波效能的主要参数是损耗因子、复介电常数、复磁导率。
The important parameters for the wave absorption effects are electromagnetic loss factor, complex dielectric constant, complex magnetic conductivity.
在积分常数为零的条件下，证明了该方程存在光滑孤立波解、不可数无穷多光滑周期波解、扭结波和反扭结波解。
When the integral constant is zero, the existence of smooth solitary wave solutions, uncountably infinite, many smooth periodic wave solutions, and kink and anti-kink wave solutions are proved.
通过二波耦合实验研究了C60掺杂向列相液晶中光栅形成的响应特性与光栅常数的关系。
This paper introduces the influence of grating constant on response characteristics in C60-doped nematic liquid crystals(5CB) by two beam-coupling experiment.
空间波法适合于测量大面积目标的介电常数，所以是测量地物微波介电特性的一种较好的方法。
The space-wave method, suitable for extended surface targets, is a preferable method for permittivity measurement of ground materials at microwave frequencies.
基于颗粒混合媒质的模型，本文讨论了复合铁氧体吸波材料介电常数和磁导率的计算方法。
Based on the model of granular media, the calculating method of permittivity and permeability for compound ferrite absorption materials is studied.
在该模型的基础上研究了电磁波与非饱和土介质的相互作用，建立了非饱和土介质介电常数与体积含水量之间的关系模型。
Then the relationship between dielectric constant and volume water content or pore ratio of unsaturated soil was established. Different kinds of soil samples were tested.
当去除1/4波片2和3时，则能够测量电子电荷的双极扩散常数和迁移率。
When 1/4 wave plate 2 and 3 are removed, the ambipolar diffusion constant and mobility of electron charge can be measured.
以部分波理论和表面有效介电常数方法为基础，建立了兰姆波传感器的数学模型。
The mathematical model of the Lamb wave sensor was established on the basis of the partial wave theory and the surface effective permittivity method.
分析了低频电磁波在均匀介质中的磁场分布，其分布与介质的介电常数、磁导率密切相关。
Magnetic field distribution of low frequency electromagnetic wave in even medium is analyzed, which is related to the medium's dielectric coefficient and magnetic inductive capacity.
将电磁带隙材料用于孔径耦合微带天线的设计，利用其频率带隙抑制天线中激励的表面波，分别考虑高介电常数和低介电常数的情况。
The electromagnetic band-gap (EBG) materials is used to design the aperture coupled patch antennas, and both high permittivity and low permittivity materials are considered in this paper.
对于长波长的波，传播速度是常数。
对于介质薄膜波导的一边或两边复盖有介电常数与光强成正比的非线性介质的三种不同结构，本文导出了三层非线性平面光波导TM波的精确色散关系。
Exact dispersion relations for TM waves guided by thin dielectric films covered on one or two sides media of intensity-dependent refractive indexes have been derived.
吸波材料性能的优劣与复合物的等效磁导率与介电常数密切相关。
The performance of RAM is closely related to effective permeability and permittivity of composites.
数值算例指出，束缚空气的存在将使P波速度降低而使其相应的阻尼常数增大，但对S波却无影响。
The numerical calculation shows that the restrained gas will reduce the velocity of P waves and increase the damping constants corresponding to P …
计算结果与CST - MWS的模拟结果吻合良好，说明所提出的计算等效相对介电常数的方法和计算色散方程的方法对环板慢波结构是切实可行的。
The results manifest that the dielectric-loading can lower the operating voltage of the ring-plane slow-wave structure. Good accordance was obtained between results by this method and that of CST-MWS.
计算结果与CST - MWS的模拟结果吻合良好，说明所提出的计算等效相对介电常数的方法和计算色散方程的方法对环板慢波结构是切实可行的。
The results manifest that the dielectric-loading can lower the operating voltage of the ring-plane slow-wave structure. Good accordance was obtained between results by this method and that of CST-MWS.
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