We are painfully learning that the world’s mega-banks are too complex to manage, too big to fail and too hard to restructure.
我们痛苦地认识到世界上的大银行都过于复杂难于管理，太大而不能失败，太难而无法调整。
HSBC's history is certainly remarkable. It is one of only two mega-banks that have remained independent for more than a century, avoiding a bail-out or state control (the other is Santander of Spain).
汇丰的历史无疑是显著的，它是仅有的两家保持了超过一个世纪独立性的大型银行(另一家是西班牙桑坦德银行)之一，避免了紧急援助或转国家控制。
Such knowledge can lead to excessive risk-taking and is one reason why Switzerland’s central bank has said the country’s two mega-banks may have to be cut down to size.
这样的认识会导致额外的风险并且也是为什么瑞士中央银行说其国家的两个大银行必须被削减规模的原因。
That is far above the level of America's mega-banks (JP Morgan Chase sits at 6.4%) and exceeds Europe's other big beast (Santander's ratio is 7.2%).
这一水平远远高于美国各巨型银行(摩根大通(JP MorganChase)的该比率为6.4%)以及欧洲其他同行巨兽(西班牙桑坦德银行(Santander)的这一比率是7.2%)。
In that case, borrowers may again need to turn to community Banks, which did a far better job of maintaining loan balances during the financial crisis than did the mega-institutions.
在这种情况下，借款人可能还是需要再求助于银行，因为银行在金融危机中维持借贷平衡的能力远高于那些大型机构。
Such knowledge can lead to excessive risk-taking and is one reason why Switzerland's central bank has said the country's two mega-banks may have to be cut down to size.
这类认识可能导致过量的冒风险，并且是瑞士中央银行已经说过国家的两大银行可能必须削减规模的一个原因。
Such knowledge can lead to excessive risk-taking and is one reason why Switzerland's central bank has said the country's two mega-banks may have to be cut down to size.
这类认识可能导致过量的冒风险，并且是瑞士中央银行已经说过国家的两大银行可能必须削减规模的一个原因。
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