This paper proposes a robust method to respectively test for the existence of individual effects and time effects in panel data models.
本文提出了一个稳健的方法分别检验面板数据模型中随机个体效应和随机时间效应的存在性。
When compounds are combined and their effects are more than the sum of their individual effects; the compounds are said to have positive synergy.
当化合物混合在一起后产生的作用比它们各自单独作用累加还要强时，这些化合物即被称为具有积极的增效作用。
So what I've witnessed in these six years is not only the explosion in big numbers of users and media space, but also these individual effects - including in my life.
过去六年我不但目睹了博客数量的增长，还感受到这种写博客带给个人的价值。
The results showed that the combined effect of NP and BPA was greater than the sum of their individual effects. The interaction of NP and BPA was synergism action.
将联合暴露结果与单一暴露结果进行对比，结果表明，NP和BPA联合作用时，对斑马鱼的雌激素效应远大于单一毒物雌激素效应之和，二者相互作用时表现出协同效应。
If the individual knows that he or she can control the noise, this seems to eliminate both its negative effects at the time and its after-effects.
如果有人知道他或她可以控制噪音的话，或许可以同时消除当下和后续的负面影响。
Social threat, lack of control and subordination are all likely candidates for mediating the stressful effects of city life, and probably account for much of the individual differences.
社会动荡，缺乏控制力以及惯于服从都是调节城市生活压力影响的方式，也许这就是个体差异的原因所在吧。
Although fruits have obvious effects guarding against cancer it should still be adequately selected and combined according to individual characteristics.
虽然水果的抗癌作用明显，但在食用时，仍然要根据个人的特点进行选择和适当搭配。
Collateralised lending offers a degree of protection to the individual lender, but it has some unfortunate systemic effects.
抵押贷款为个别放贷者提供了一定程度的保护，但它却具有某些不幸的系统效应。
Recognising individual emotions as they occur, understanding why they occur, and understanding the effects (both good and bad) they have on you.
当个人情感发生时你要意识到它，要知道它们为什么会发生，会对你有什么样的影响(好的方面和坏的方面)。
Mr Mollick used a model originally developed by educational-policy researchers to tease out the effects of individual teachers on their students’ performance.
莫里克教授使用了一个最初由教育界的政策研究者开发的，用来分析出每位教师对学生的影响的模型。
If there is an effect, the problem is separating the effects of individual vitamins.
如果确实有影响，我们可以逐个来看维生素的作用。
It is particularly concerned by other studies which show that gender-bending chemicals acting together have far worse effects than the expected sum of their individual impacts.
其他研究亦指出，性别变异化学物协同作用的影响要比单个化学物污染严重的多。
The basis for this lies in the chemistry of the effects which animal proteins and fats have on the individual cells as well as the whole body interactions.
其原理是动物蛋白和脂肪对单个细胞及整个身体的化学效应。
Prof Paddy o 'donnell, a social psychologist at Glasgow University, is intrigued by the experiment, having studied earlier research into the effects on individual and group psychology of space travel.
帕蒂·奥唐奈教授Paddyo'Donnell是格拉斯哥大学的一名社会心理学家，他被这个实验启发，已经就太空航行对个人及团体的心理所产生的作用进行了更早的研究。
Drugs could be chosen to match individual patients with maximum therapeutic effect and minimum side effects, the advent of so-called personalized medicine.
可以选择与病人个体相匹配的药物，使治疗效果最大化而副作用最小化，所谓的个性化医疗浮出水面。
Each individual variant had little impact, however, so the researchers developed an algorithm to combine the effects of multiple variants acting together.
但是每个人的变异有细小的影响，所以研究人员开发出一种算法结合了多种突变的共同影响。
This allows the security administrator to compose more complex disclosure effects by enabling several policies, while each individual policy is relatively simple and intuitive.
这使安全管理员能够通过启用几个策略，组合出更复杂的公开效果，同时保持各个策略简单且直观。
Personal protective equipment does not eliminate the hazard but is an aid in controlling individual exposures so far as to prevent injury or adverse health effects.
个人保护用品不能消除危害因素，但是能帮助控制个人对危害环境中的暴露，使其避免受伤或不利的健康影响。
Isolated training with the devil will be more lost children, even if the individual is only temporary effects!
与世隔绝与魔鬼训练只会让孩子更加迷途，即便个别也只是短暂效果！
Objective To investigate the effects of individual health education as adjuvant to pharmacotherapy for depression.
目的探讨个体健康教育在抑郁症药物治疗中的效果。
Individual Web users were still feeling the effects.
个人网络用户仍能感到影响。
The effects of individual judgments and disc level on prevalence rates were apparent.
个体判断和患病率椎间盘标准的影响是明显的。
The finding suggests that individual choices like whether to drive or take public transit to work have major cumulative effects.
这一发现表明个人的选择起到主要的累积效应，比如选择驾车还是搭乘公共交通工具上下班。
Objective To make sure the effects of using individual health education procedure in the pediatrics department.
目的探讨个体化健康教育程序在儿科中应用的效果。
The graphics, sound effects and background music will entertain every individual.
图形，声音效果和背景音乐将受理每一个人。
Every drug has risks and side effects, but over all the risk of acetaminophen to any individual is low.
每种药物对人都有危险和副作用，但是从总体来看，acetaminophen相对于其他成分来说对人的危害是低的。
Mr Mollick used a model originally developed by educational-policy researchers to tease out the effects of individual teachers on their students' performance.
莫里克教授使用了一个最初由教育界的政策研究者开发的，用来分析出每位教师对学生的影响的模型。
The trick to studying the effects of this process in detail, Williams says, is being able to resolve many individual stars in galaxies to create an accurate picture of their evolution.
威廉姆斯最后说，随着我们研究这些过程效应渐趋详细，我们能分辨星系中单个恒星的数量越多，星系的演化图像就越精确。
The trick to studying the effects of this process in detail, Williams says, is being able to resolve many individual stars in galaxies to create an accurate picture of their evolution.
威廉姆斯最后说，随着我们研究这些过程效应渐趋详细，我们能分辨星系中单个恒星的数量越多，星系的演化图像就越精确。
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