Prof: Well, that would be a false argument, hold that one.
教授：这会是一个伪论点，先放放。
I call that belief market fundamentalism and I contend that it is based on a false argument.
我把这种说法称作“市场原教旨主义”，并且我认为这种论断是建立在错误的论据基础上的。
Because you are deploying the SWF file to an application server, and because your application is using network data rather than local data, you do not use the -use-network=false argument.
因为您将SWF文件部署到一个应用程序服务器中，并且应用程序现在使用网络数据而非本地数据，所以没有使用 -use-network=false 参数。
The whole argument rests on a false assumption.
整个论证都是基于一个错误的假设。
Some self sealing argument move back and forth from interesting to false claims.
有些自我封闭式论点来回变化,从有趣的到错误的宣称。
And you might ask yourself, why should an argument that has a false conclusion be an useful argument. Mind at good argument.
你们可能问自己，为什么一个有错误的结论的论点，应该是一个有效的论点，这是好论点。
But if we put this together for a valid argument we get that is known to be false, so we know either one of these got to be false.
但是如果我们一起放出这个，作为有效论点，我们知道的就为假，所以我们知道两者中的一个为假。
Descartes then constructed an argument that formed the basis of modern philosophy, something that remained true even if all else was false.
笛卡尔于是建立了一个奠定现代哲学基础的论点；它能在其他一切都是虚假的情况下保持真实。
This argument is valid and has false premises?
这个论点是有效的，前提为假？
Yet this argument depends upon a false reading of history.
然而，这个争论是建立在对历史的误读之上的。
Would the argument be sound in this situation, where it's valid but has false premises.
论点在这种情况下能够完好吗，有效但是有假前提。
Yet, if the premises (' all men are tall, Fred is a man ') are not true then although the argument is rational and logical, it remains false.
但是，如果前提(“所有男人都很高，佛瑞得是个男人”)不成立，那么即使论证合情合理而富有逻辑，结论依然是谬误。
So if we see the conclusion of a valid argument is false what do you know? A little bit longer.
如果我们看到有效论点的结论为假，你们知道什么？有一点长。
If we can show the conclusion of a valid argument - put your hand up-if we can show the conclusion of a valid argument is false what do we know?
如果我们可以展示有效论点的结论-，举手，如果我们可以展示，有效论点的结论为假，我们知道什么？
Do you think an argument could be valid if all its premises of the argument is false?
你们认为一个论点，如果前提为假，可能有效吗？
That's right. So if you have a valid argument a deductively valid argument in which the conclusion is false then you know one of the premises must be false.
对，所以如果论点有效，一个演绎的有效论点中结论是假的，你就知道前提中有一项是假的。
Could the argument be valid if the premises are false?
前提为假，论点可能有效吗？
If the premises of an argument are false could the argument be valid?
如果论点前提为假，论点可能有效吗？
And I am saying actually the discovery that the valid argument is that the conclusion in which is false can be hugely important.
我说实际上发现那是有效论点，结论为假，可能很重要。
So it's a valid argument but has false premises. Okay what about if it is an invalid argument with false premises.
这是个有效的论点但是有假前提，如果是无效论点有假前提呢？
So you could have a valid argument in which the premises are all false.
一个有效论点可能,前提都为假。
You could have a valid argument in which the premises are false.
前提为假,论点可能为真。
What about the last one, the premises of the argument is true and the conclusion false.
,论点前提为真，结论为假。
there's no possible situation where that's true and that's false therefore, that argument is valid.
没有可能这为真所以那为假,所以，论点有效。
An argument can be either valid or invalid but not true or false.
论点可能有效或者无效，但是不能或真或假。
And the reason for that because an argument is valid if and only if there are no possible situation in which all its premises are true and its conclusion false.
原因是因为论点有效，如果且仅如果没有可能情况，所有的前提都为真结论为假。
If the premises could be true together with the conclusion being false then the argument is invalid.
如果前提可能为真，同时结论为假，论点有效。
Isn't that an argument that has two false premises but is valid.Okay right what about the following?
这个论点有两个错误前提，但仍然有效好，接下来的呢？
To understand what an argument is, it can't be true or false.
理解什么是论点，他不能或对或错。
So it's a sufficient condition for an argument being valid that there is no possible situation where the premises are true and the conclusion false. And that's a necessary condition too.
所以这对于论点有效性是充分条件，没有可能前提为真，结论为假，这是必要条件。
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