Modeling abstract classes in uml.
利用UML建模的抽象类。
All abstract classes must be base classes.
所有的抽象类都应当是基类。
Why abstract classes instead of interfaces?
为什么抽象类代替了接口？
The base abstract classes consist of the following.
基本抽象类由以下内容组成。
Several abstract classes comprise the main functionality.
几个抽象类构成了主要功能。
Describes guidelines for designing abstract classes.
描述设计抽象类的准则。
Or rather, what's the proper use of abstract classes?
或者说，抽象类的正确使用是什么？
In general there's nothing wrong with abstract classes.
一般有抽象类没有错。
When using abstract classes, offer an interface as well.
定义抽象类时同时定义一个接口。
Are You Using Abstract Classes, Polymorphism, and Interfaces?
你在使用抽象类，多态性，接口吗？
Why can abstract methods only be declared in abstract classes?
为什么抽象方法只在抽象类中声明？
Abstract classes are those with at least one method without code.
抽象类是那些至少有一个方法没有代码。
Structural classes extend other structural as well as abstract classes.
结构性类扩展其他结构性类和抽象类。
As with abstract classes, you can define any number of method signatures.
对于抽象类，可以定义任意数目的方法签名。
You might wonder what the use is of abstract classes in such a case.
你可能想知道什么是使用抽象类在这种情况下。
Abstract method declarations are only permitted in abstract classes.
抽象方法声明只允许在抽象类。
However, super classes (parent classes) do not have to be abstract classes.
然而，超类(父类)不一定要是抽象类。
You can see abstract classes and abstract methods as a sort of contract.
你可以看到抽象类和抽象方法作为一种合同。
The second way of modeling abstract classes is to have a UML class (for example, Class1).
第二种建模抽象类模型的方法是拥有一个UML类（例如，Class1）。
There are no framework interfaces or abstract classes to "hook" components into the application.
在应用中，POJO没有使用接口或抽象类来“钩住”组件。
These goals lead to the definition of two abstract classes: InputFormat and OutputFormat (see Listing 6).
为实现这些目标，需要定义两个抽象类：InputFormat和Out putFor mat(参见清单6)。
In XML schemas you can use abstract classes or just tags specifying extensions or derivations of base types.
在XML模式中，可以使用抽象类或仅使用指定基类型扩展或派生的标记来做到这一点。
We can't instantiate instances of abstract classes, even when all their field and method members are concrete.
我们不能实例化一个抽象类，即使它们的字段和方法都是具体的。
These are abstract classes and have concrete implementations in the form of One2One and Any2One type channels.
这些都是抽象类，它们拥有one2one和Any2One类型通道形式的具体实现。
This article will show you how to model arrays, unions, abstract classes, default values for attributes, and so on.
这篇文章将向您显示如何建模数组、联合体、抽象类，为属性建模默认值等等。
He also includes practical advice on using interfaces instead of abstract classes, and using exceptions intelligently.
他也在书中包括了很实用的建议：用接口替代抽象类和灵活使用异常。
Inheritance by extension is a common object-oriented design and is easily expressed through showing abstract classes in UML.
通过扩展来进行继承是一种常见的面向对象设计，很容易通过在U ML中显示抽象类来表达这种继承。
Its components rely on interfaces and abstract classes as opposed to concrete ones, as they would in a tightly coupled system.
松散耦合应用程序中的组件依赖于各种接口和抽象类，而紧密耦合的系统则与之相反，其组件依赖于各种具体的类。
Capture highlevel, stable concepts in abstract classes and interfaces and provide implementations using concrete classes.
在抽象的类和接口中捕捉高级、稳定的概念，并用具象类实现。
Capture highlevel, stable concepts in abstract classes and interfaces and provide implementations using concrete classes.
在抽象的类和接口中捕捉高级、稳定的概念，并用具象类实现。
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