哺乳动物细胞的表型遗传学取决于整个机体的繁殖实验。
The formal genetics of mammalian cells has been dependent on breeding experiment with whole organisms.
表型遗传学是一种可以从细胞传递到其子细胞的基因调控方式。
Epigenetics is a type of gene regulation that can be passed from a cell to its daughters.
如由噬菌体介导的细菌毒力基因的转移、细菌耐药基因的传递等导致了病原菌基因表型的多态性，这在医学与遗传学中是一个日益严峻的重要问题。
For example, transfer of virulence gene and transmission of drug-resistant gene mediated by a phage results in gene polymorphism of bacteria, which is an important problem in medicine and genetics.
目的：了解中国人群中类脂蛋白沉积症(LP)的临床表型和遗传学特点。
Objective: To explore the clinical and genetic features of lipoid proteinosis (LP) in Chinese population.
方法：采用临床、实验室检查方法对3例患儿进行详细的体检，并分析导致出现牙根发育不良表型的遗传学因素。
METHODS: 3 children with hypoplasia of teeth were examined and analyzed carefully by clinical examination and laboratory test to find the genetic factors.
目的通过了解具有认知表型病例的遗传学基础，揭示认知的生物学基础。
Objective To learn the biological basis of cognitive processes by recognizing the genetic basis of cases with cognitive phenotypes.
目的探讨急性髓系白血病-M4、M5亚型的细胞遗传学、免疫表型特征。
Objective To study the cytogenetic and immunophenotype features in acute monocytic leukemia(M5) and acute myelomonocytic leukemia(M4).
目的调查献血者人群中H抗原缺失血型的表型频率，研究其血清学和遗传学特征。
Objective Survey the frequency of H deficient phenotype in blood donor population and analyze the serological and genetic characteristics of these individuals.
为避免误诊以及不恰当的治疗方案，需密切联系临床、组织学、免疫表型和遗传学特征。
Careful correlation of clinical, histologic, immunophenotypic, and genetic features is required to avoid misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment.
为避免误诊以及不恰当的治疗方案，需密切联系临床、组织学、免疫表型和遗传学特征。
Careful correlation of clinical, histologic, immunophenotypic, and genetic features is required to avoid misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment.
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