CCD与光纤阵列之间采用反射镜和透镜耦合方式，使CCD避开中子源直接辐照。
To avoid direct radiation from neutrons, the CCD is coupled to the array by a mirror and lens optics.
采用微波辐照技术从山苍子中提取制备柠檬醛，使山苍子精油的提取率较传统的直接水蒸气蒸馏法平均提高36.5%以上。
By microwave irradiation, the citral was obtained from Litea cubeba fruits, the yield was risen in average 36.5% than by traditional distillation in a current of steam.
本文为此提出了利用电子束曝光和辐照直接制作功能纳米结构。
We proposed to fabricate functional nanostructures directly by electron-beam lithography and irradiation.
除非在曝晒过程中对辐照度进行了直接测定，否则不要报告辐照度或辐射能。
Do not report irradiance or radiant exposure unless direct measurement of irradiance was made during the exposure.
结果表明，辐照的直接作用结果由于结晶表面积的差异而不同；
The results show that the direct radiation effects are different, because of the difference in the amount of the fold surface of the lamellae of PA1010;
结果表明，辐照的直接作用结果由于结晶表面积的差异而不同；
The results show that the direct radiation effects are different, because of the difference in the amount of the fold surface of the lamellae of PA1010;
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