There they were exposed to bacteria which now had the job of breaking the sugar into succinic acid, a colorless, odorless substance that is heavily used in the food industry as a sweetener but can also be used in the production of a wide variety of materials, including medicines, bioplastics and even laundry detergent.

FORBES: Starbucks To Turn Stale Pastries Into Plastic?

Acidophilus breaks milk sugar down into lactic acid.

FORBES: Connect

Walking through his lab a decade ago, he had an epiphany: He envisioned an entire process by which he could feed corn sugar to lactobacilli that would exude ideal, highly concentrated lactic acid.

FORBES: Shucking Petroleum

After experimenting with more than a dozen different formulations, drying them with custom-made machinery and heating them in ovens to test shelf life, Nektar hit upon a successful recipe that mixes insulin with glycine (an amino acid), citrate (the salt of an organic acid found in humans) and mannitol (a sugar used in intravenous products).

FORBES: Magazine Article

Another problem brought on by a late-night bender: When breaking down alcohol, your body pumps out lactic acid and other byproducts that impede the production of glucose (sugar) and electrolytes (salts and other minerals that keep your body functioning properly).

FORBES: Magazine Article

In some company this statement could clear the room fast, but sommeliers love Riesling, despite the relative skepticism of the American drinking public, and they also tend to love Chenin, for some of the same reasons it's relatively high-acid, which makes it food-friendly and lively even when it has residual sugar.

WSJ: Singing of France's Unsung Chenin Blanc | On Wine by Jay McInerney