In long-term use it carries a one in 30, 000 risk of a serious side effect - the bone marrow disorder aplastic anaemia.
"These banks are big and you can argue that these kinds of settlements have some mitigating effect on risk-taking, " says Gary Biddle, professor of accounting at the University of Hong Kong.
Since they are leveraged institutions (they have a small amount of capital backing lots of assets), with nowadays more or less mechanical risk-management systems that in effect force them to sell when losses mount, this probably also increases volatility.
Any increase in rent arrears could put funding for housing associations at risk, with a knock-on effect on their ability to build the homes that are urgently needed today.
In addition to his many papers exploring the basic science of the renin-angiotensin system, Matsubara was the chief investigator of the KYOTO HEART Study, a randomized, open-labeled trial studying the add-on effect of valsartan to conventional therapy in high-risk hypertension.
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Spinosad is an environmental "reduced-risk" oral insecticide that has little effect on other insects, birds and mammals.
And then when we heard about the high-risk pool and that it was in effect in July 1st, we got right onto it.
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When a drug is likely to cause a severe side effect--say, an increased risk of heart attack, an allergic reaction that causes the skin to burn or liver failure--the standard practice is to warn patients and doctors about the product's labeling, and to send out warning letters to physicians who might prescribe the medicine.
In an interview, FDA psychiatry drugs unit director Thomas Laughren says he supports more studies in patients at high-risk of suicide, and has given speeches to that effect.
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In one study of 1, 740 men with high cholesterol, Scottish researchers found that men with high levels of the Lp-PLA2 enzyme had twice the risk of heart attacks, an effect that was statistically independent of their cholesterol levels.
The effect would be to claw back profits earned by excessive risk-taking.
However the recent clarification may actually have the opposite effect on its intended goal, forcing insurers to quickly move high-risk individuals en masse to the exchanges.
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"Even so, it is not definitive evidence that sugar-sweetened soft drinks increase the risk of Type 2 diabetes, other than through their effect on body weight, " he added.
The model also enables managers to fine-tune debt portfolios by estimating the effect new assets will have on the overall risk profile.
The level of concentration in water had a "negligible effect" on people's uptake of the fluoride ion - responsible for increased risk of fractures, they said.
Both early renewals and self-funded plans will have the effect of keeping more groups off the exchanges, thereby blunting the savings for high-risk policyholders.
In an editorial in the same journal, Dr John Baron, of Dartmouth Medical School in New Hampshire, said short-term studies appeared to suggest there was no effect from high dietary fibre intake on bowel cancer risk.
This early failure in the Japanese market has a compounding negative effect on worldwide console sales, as game developers are less willing to invest in high-risk projects for console platforms that are shaky out-of-the-gates, which makes it less attractive for gamers to buy these consoles, and so on.
Dr. Nissen notes that the preventive effect of the diet is similar to the effect of taking statins, the cholesterol-lowering drugs, which research has shown to reduce the risk of major cardiovascular events by about 25% to 30%.
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To take just one example, from a public health perspective, it makes little sense to focus on the miniscule elevation in breast cancer risk associated with light-to-moderate alcohol consumption, when moderate alcohol intake has been shown to have a beneficial effect on coronary heart disease, a much more common condition.
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