While the pharaohs were building pyramids, their courtiers were creating elaborate tombs for themselves.
The pharaohs established a temple here, and the Greek historian Herodotus visited in the fifth century B.
But like the pharaohs before him, Pinault has his eye on eternity--building a monumental museum for the ages.
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The young Pharaohs are at their fifth championship having been at the 1981, 1991, 2001 and 2003 events.
But the Pharaohs' form has plummeted in recent years, failing to qualify for the 2012 edition of the tournament.
For centuries, it was thought they were the pharaohs' granaries, but it is now believed they were burial sites.
This Christian minority, which numbers some 11 million, was established in the land of the pharaohs long before the Islamic conquests.
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Successive pharaohs took advantage of this prosperity to launch ambitious pyramid-building programmes to give themselves a tomb worthy of their rank.
The Pharaohs need to beat Algeria by a margin of three goals or more to secure their place at South Africa 2010.
From pharaohs to the medieval Vikings, swift and sometimes violent changes in weather patterns sparked mass migrations and technological innovations like irrigation.
Mido's strike gives the 'Pharaohs' their first win and are now second in group 10 - three points behind surprise leaders Madagascar.
Zidan missed two 2010 qualifying matches but with goals crucial to the Pharaohs' chances of making it through, he has returned to the squad.
But five minutes later, the Pharaohs were fortunate not to go behind when Kolo Toure's effort missed the target by a whisker, following a corner.
The pharaohs asserted their authority over the population by claiming the power to intercede with the gods to ensure the Nile River flooded each year.
Following the training camp in France the squad will head to Egypt on 10 January to play the Pharaohs and possibly another game against a club side.
But The Pharaohs have dominated the continent in recent times and will be eager to prove that their World Cup absence was the biggest shock of qualification.
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In the second half the Pharaohs too often resorted to the long ball, replacing their traditional build-up along the floor, playing into the hands of a magnificent Algerian defence.
The Pharaohs were stung by their failure to qualify for South Africa, and they will feel their absence all the more keenly after another superb display at the Nations Cup.
Mido - who scored the winning goal for his national side in a 2-1 friendly win over South Africa last Saturday - is expected to lead the Pharaohs' attack in Tunisia.
But Egypt's Pharaohs could have won it in extra-time had their captain Ahmed Hassan not struck the post after being awarded one of the most controversial penalties in Nations Cup history.
Boarding a vessel on the Nile is to peel back millennia and slow down to river speed as ancient temples, oxcarts and palm trees pass by, unaltered since Pharaohs ruled the roost.
The win ensured the 'Pharaohs' qualified with nine points at the top of Group C and Nigeria went through with six while Benin and Mozambique end their campaigns with just a point apiece.
The capital contains no significant memorial to Coolidge, who is also the last President not to have a government-run Presidential library, one of those ever larger pyramids now speckling a land supposedly without pharaohs.
Barakat's brace secured an easy win for the Pharaohs, who have proved to have the upper hand over their eastern competitors, as they also dispatched Ethiopia 4-1 and Uganda 2-0, respectively earlier this month.
This capital city is located at the confluence of the Blue and White Nile Rivers - rivers that have carried sultans and pharaohs, treasure seekers and explorers, soldiers and slaves from the beginning of time.
In the African qualifying zone, Egypt's bid to reach their first World Cup since 1990 received a major boost as the Pharaohs struck late to beat Zimbabwe 2-1 and go five points clear in Group G.
It was end-to-end just after the hour as Rafik Saifi headed Hassan Yebda's fine cross straight at Egypt keeper Essam Al Hadary, before the Pharaohs' best move of the match ended with Chaouchi diving low to save after a neat turn and shot from Emad Moteab, Saturday's key goalscorer in Cairo.
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