Small medieval differences in the absolutism of English and Spanish monarchs were amplified by historical chance.
In days of old, money-strapped monarchs reduced the gold or silver content of their coins.
Monarchs were not far behind the church in their suspicion, requiring books to be licensed.
Yet few would disagree that three of the country's most successful monarchs have been women.
The policies that made the global monarchs so rich are the policies squeezing everyone else.
The latter attracted the monarchs of Portugal and Spain and the leaders of Italian city states.
Diamonds acquired by previous monarchs continue to play an important role on State and ceremonial occasions.
Monarchs and other authoritarian rulers have never liked concentrations of wealth outside their control.
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"Before the Web became a platform for applications, we lived in an era of monarchs, " he says.
You can import monarchs, but they won't lay eggs because there's nothing for their progeny to eat.
The Tunisian cars and the Egyptian trompe l'oeil are unlikely to be acquired by the reigning monarchs.
In the shadow of Parliament is Westminster Abbey , used for the coronation and burial of British monarchs.
Fittingly enough for the King of Pop, the gilded garment echoed ones worn by European monarchs of old.
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In medieval Europe, the marketplace became a source of power that allowed people to challenge the ruling monarchs.
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Do not miss the lavishly furnished period rooms of the once resident monarchs.
Religiosity, paradoxically, flourished in England and America precisely because it did not emanate from the edicts of absolute monarchs.
"Monarchs are considered to be a flagship species for conservation, " said Cornell entomologist Linda Rayor, an associate on the study.
Robinson and his team members are playing for the Kansas City Monarchs, which was part of the Negro Leagues.
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The monarchs feed on milkweed plants, which thrive in "edge habitats" -- the areas where forested land and farm fields meet.
Though ruled by Burmese monarchs, the state was a patchwork of nationalities: ethnic Burmese, Mon, Shan, Chin, Kayin and many others.
Many find it unsettling to watch an American president, Barack Obama, bowing low before monarchs like the King of Saudi Arabia.
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Though monarchs largely inherit their riches along with their titles, these royals have been buffeted by an uneven global economic recovery.
Monarchs, consorts and distinguished statesmen are traditionally laid in state in Westminster Hall, the last one being Sir Winston Churchill in 1965.
Beyond the confines of his native land, popular ignorance of one of the most extraordinary monarchs in European history is almost unfathomable.
It would be as if 16th-century monarchs proclaimed that we need not go to the New World, we have already been there?
One is Absolute Monarchs, by my favorite historical author, John Julius Norwich.
There are few hereditary monarchs exercising real power left in the world.
Few monarchs can boast outright power like King Mswati III of Swaziland.
If anything they amplify the tendency of blogging and all social media to create new elites or new monarchs or new tribal leaders.
In Western societies, red long served as a symbol of ferocity and power, worn by soldiers, monarchs, the papacy and other important figures.
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