Malaria control takes up a substantial slice of India's health budget, largely through buying insecticides.
BBC: NEWS | Science/Nature | Fish eat away at malaria in India
The vaccine is designed to help complement existing malaria control measures, like mosquito nets, in Africa.
By studying weather forecasts, the Southern African Malaria Control programme has been able to predict epidemics, with reasonable accuracy, up to six weeks in advance.
While financing for malaria control has increased as part of international efforts to reach the Millennium Development Goals, the amount received from domestic sources varies greatly.
Across the continent, malaria control programs are scaling up efforts to protect people from this deadly disease and to diagnosis and treat infections with highly effective new drugs.
By 2014, our goal is to halve malaria illnesses and deaths in 70 percent of at-risk populations, by accelerating and intensifying malaria control efforts in the high burden countries of sub-Saharan Africa.
Using fish in this way used to be a standard approach to malaria control, but when insecticides like DDT were introduced during the last century with apparently magical success, it fell into disuse.
BBC: NEWS | Science/Nature | Fish eat away at malaria in India
Partnerships with national governments and development partners, including, the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, the World Bank Booster Program for Malaria Control, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, and the UN Envoy for Malaria, which has mobilized thousands of partners with the goal of reaching the universal coverage of long lasting insecticide treated bed-nets by the end of this year, have made these successes possible.
Other reasons include the breakdown of malaria-control programmes (as Africa has grown poorer), and greater personal mobility.
Instead they're trying to make sure traditional malaria-control measures are used extensively and effectively across the country.
Dr. Nawis Bilinyambe(ph), the head of Zambia's malaria-control program, says one of the most important things Zambia is doing is educating people about the disease.
The results in global malaria prevention and control are encouraging, but, as before, this progress is fragile and can be easily reversed.
When malaria is brought under temporary control in an area, young people lack the need or opportunity to develop immunity to it.
ECONOMIST: A breakthrough moment in awareness of a terrible scourge
Yet, until the last few years, the industrialized world neglected many developing-world diseases, even as malaria and aids spiraled out of control in Africa.
Pierre Guillet, of the World Health Organization's global malaria programme, said any strategy that could effectively kill, or the reduce the life expectancy of adult female mosquitoes, had potential as a way to control the spread of malaria.
Through travel, diseases like malaria and tuberculosis, which were once under control in Europe could return there.
The other challenge is in the tantalising thought that the same success may well be repeatable - to help control major killers like TB, pneumonia, diarrhoea and malaria.
In June of 1995, a health worker in a tiny town in Zambia went to the Web site of the Centers for Disease Control and got the answer to a question about the treatment of malaria.
In fact, the sporadic transmission of malaria in the sub-tropical regions of the rich countries was vastly easier to control than is its chronic transmission in the heart of the tropics.
Relatively new diseases like AIDS get most of the attention, but ancient killers once thought to be under control are on the rise in sub-Saharan Africa, Asia and South America: malaria, tuberculosis, leishmaniasis (also known as dum-dum fever).
These diseases, ranging from dengue fever and malaria to West Nile virus and yellow fever, are the cause of millions of deaths worldwide, yet control methods have become a dilemma due to the development of resistance by mosquitoes and increased concern about health and environmental hazards.
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